Diagnosis and surgical treatment of breast cancer and fibrosarcoma in dogs

Breast cancer and fibrosarcoma are two kinds of neoplastic diseases in dogs. the diagnosis is mainly based on histopathological changes and the treatment mainly depends on surgical removal.

1 clinical symptoms

In September 2001, the pine lion dog of Li in the power district of Harbin came to see a doctor. The affected dog was an 11-year-old bitch who had never given birth. Half a month ago, the left posterior breast appeared induration, irregular edge, nipple sometimes flow out of a small amount of white liquid, later nipple swelling, breast itching, affected dogs often lick bite. Two days before the visit, there were many bands of induration in the skin from the affected breast to the left anterior scapula. The sick dog is emaciated, has a normal appetite and likes to lie down. Clinical examination showed that the body temperature was 39.3 ℃, pulse 78 times / min, respiration 16 times / min.

2 histopathological changes

2.1 Breast induration

It can be seen that the cancer cells showed diffuse infiltration, some formed tubular structures, the cancer cells were pleomorphic large cells, the nucleus showed strange shape, the mitotic phase was obvious, the nucleus was deeply stained, the cytoplasm was darker than the somatic cytoplasm, and most of them had vacuoles. There were more collagenous stroma, and neutrophils and lymphocytes infiltration could be seen in the stroma. This breast is hardened to breast cancer.

2.2 skin induration

It can be seen that a large number of connective tissue fibers exist between tumor cells, tumor cells are fusiform, varying in size, arranged in bundles, individual tumor cells show multinucleated giant cell shape, deep nuclear staining, obvious mitotic phase. This skin is hardened to fibrosarcoma.

3Surgical treatment

The dogs were anesthetized with 846 mixture at a dose of 0.1mL/kg body weight. The operation was selected at the left upper part of the affected breast to the hard 1cm of the breast. Hair removal was performed in the surgical department, and then routine disinfection was carried out. Around the induration, the skin makes a half-moon-shaped incision to separate the skin from the induration, and then separate the induration from the muscle and fascia, thoroughly remove the induration and fully stop the bleeding. Close the wound edge of the skin and suture the nodules. Place a drainage tube and gauze drainage in the lowest part of the operation.

After removing the breast induration, remove the banded skin induration in the direction of the left anterior scapula, close the wound edge of the skin, and suture the nodules.

The removed induration was made into pathological sections, histological changes were observed and diagnosis was made.

Postoperative treatment: saline 200 mL, 0.5 ml, 2.0 mL, dexamethasone 2.0mg, ampicillin 2.0 g, intravenous injection for 5 days. On the 6th day, Yantongning 2.0mL/ was injected intramuscularly twice a day for 5 days. Stitches were removed 10 days after operation and the wound healed in one stage. Two months later, the owner of the dog collapsed and the dog died.

4 summary

4.1 Breast cancer and fibrosarcoma are common malignant tumors in dogs. The diagnosis was mainly based on histopathological changes. This dog suffers from two kinds of malignant tumors successively. Fibrosarcoma occurs after breast cancer, and skin fibrosarcoma is connected with breast cancer. From the above two points, it can be known that fibrosarcoma may be formed after metastasis of breast cancer cells.

4.2 the key to mastectomy is anesthesia and hemostasis, general anesthesia must master the dosage of anesthetics, especially the first dose, general anesthesia can also be combined with local infiltration anesthesia. Due to the physiological function of the breast, there are many vessels connected to it, the vessels come from the lower abdomen, perineum and groin, the vessels from the lower abdomen and perineum are located on the superficial surface and easy to find, and the vessels from the groin are located in the deep layer. Find these vessels connected to the breast, first ligation, and then separate the breast, and finally peel off the whole breast. If the hemostasis is not accurate, excessive blood loss during the operation can cause hemorrhagic shock, which should be paid special attention.