Key techniques of cultivation and Management of late-ripening Peach

1. The environmental conditions of late ripening peach and winter peach are similar to those of common peach. Yunnan can be planted in areas with an altitude of 1800-2100 meters, an average temperature of 12 ℃-15 ℃, an annual accumulated temperature of 4000 ℃-4500 ℃ for 10 ℃, annual rainfall of 800-1000 mm, annual sunshine of about 2000 hours, good irrigation and drainage conditions, convenient transportation, gentle terrain, deep soil, sandy loam or light gravel loam, loose and fertile soil, more organic matter and ph value of 5-6. 5.

2. Variety selection. Judging from the current situation of trial planting in various places, Red Heart Fairy Peach, late Red Honey, Peach Wang 99, Hua Wang Lu, Zhonghua Dongtao 2, and so on, have performed well and steadily in most places in Yunnan, while Chinese Birthday Bun with Bean Paste Filling and Fuxing Birthday Bun with Bean Paste Filling have not performed well. It is best to introduce varieties first, and then select the varieties that adapt to the local climatic environment, high yield, stable yield and good quality.

Third, the establishment of the garden requires that the "five modernizations" of standardization, scale, standardization, commercialization and industrialization should be built in accordance with the "four high" requirements of high starting point, high standard, high quality and high technology. only in this way can we produce high-grade peaches with multi-quality and high quality to open up the market, meet the market demand and be welcomed by consumers.

Fourth, when fine planting and thin tube planting, we should have pure varieties, strong roots, large and fat ponds, suitable depth, reasonable density, and lay a solid foundation for "three minutes". After planting, we should do a good job in the "seven tubes" of soil, fertilizer, moisture, pruning, plant protection and flowers and fruits. Among them, plant protection (pest control) is the most critical, because the dry and rainy season in most areas of Yunnan is distinct, and the rainy season from June to October is the period of fruit growth and development and the peak period of diseases and insect pests. Peach scab, anthrax, brown rot, peach borer, peach heart borer, pear flies and other harm to the fruit, become diseases and insect pests, lose commodity and edible value, so we must control these diseases and pests well, which is the key to success.

In fertilization, because the peach needs a large amount of potassium and complete elements, it is necessary to coordinate the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and supplement trace elements. In the annual growth cycle, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is about 1 ∶ 0.5 ∶ 1.5. The potassium deficiency, the leaf small color is light, the leaf edge is scorched, the leaf body appears the macula, the leaf falls early, the fruit is heavy, the fruit is not ripe and the top of the fruit is rotten first. During fertilization, nitrogen was dominant from February to May, followed by phosphorus, followed by nitrogen and potassium, to promote seed development and flower bud differentiation, and from August to October, mainly by potassium, followed by nitrogen and phosphorus, in order to promote fruit expansion, sugar transformation, enhance coloring and improve quality. And in the growing season, use extra-root topdressing to supplement trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc and so on.

Late-ripe peaches and winter peaches should be colorful and beautiful, less harmed by diseases and insect pests, and must be bagged. Bagging should be carried out within 50-60 days after Xiehua. 30 days before harvest, the bags should be removed to allow them to be brightly colored and converted into sugar. Spray 1000 times mancozeb plus 3000 times enemy kill one day before bagging, or 1500 times methyl thiophanate plus 3000 times kungfu to prevent diseases and pests during bagging. The fruit bag should be a double-layer two-color bag with a yellow-white outer layer and a black inner layer. The fruit bag should use a high-quality bag with medium thickness, flexibility and impermeability, instead of an inferior bag with thick, hard and brittle paper and water seepage.