There are some tricks for efficient cultivation of spring potato.

First, soil preparation and fertilization. Autumn crops must be ploughed in deep winter after harvest, and frozen water should be watered when there is no rain in dry winter. In the coming year, 4000-5000 kg, 50kg-70kg ammonium bicarbonate and 100kg-200kg plant ash will be used as base fertilizer. The base fertilizer should be spread evenly, followed by shallow ploughing, raking and leveling.

Second, hurry up the buds early. Southern Shandong should use sunny beds or plastic greenhouses to promote sprouting before and after the Spring Festival. The whole potato can be accelerated when sprouting, or it can be sprouted after chopping. When the bud is 5 cm long and 7 cm long, pick it out from the sand, air the bud for 2 to 3 days, and wait for the bud to change from white (purple) to green.

Third, planting plastic film. The experiment shows that in southern Shandong, 10-15 days after the Spring Festival, as long as the ground surface freezes 10-15 cm (mid-February), it can be planted. The row spacing of the fertile land is 70 cm, the plant spacing is 20 cm; the row spacing of the land with poor fertility is 60 cm, the plant spacing is 20 cm, and the seed potato is about 100 kg per mu. When sowing, the soil moisture is suitable to take advantage of the soil moisture, and if the soil moisture is insufficient, the soil moisture should be made in advance, or the ditch water should be slipped before planting, and the dry sowing should not be avoided. After setting up the potato pieces, 30kg of ternary compound fertilizer must be applied between the potato pieces per mu. After planting, cultivate ridges and then cover the plastic film with a single ridge.

Fourth, scientific management and protection. From sowing to emergence, we should often hoe between ridges. When the seedling is 10 to 15 centimeters high, one "horse race water" can be watered according to the soil moisture, and it is necessary to take advantage of the appropriate moisture to hoe. When the seedling is 20 to 25 centimeters high, trench on one side of the ridge, 25 kilograms of urea per mu, and then irrigated once. From the end of bud to the beginning of flowering, the potato species of "Luyin No. 1" should be watered once, and the ground should be kept moist in the future. After watering the flowering water, it should be watered according to the moisture content, and do not water 7-10 days before harvest.

Fifth, prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. The main diseases and insect pests of potato are late blight, aphids, grubs and so on. When planting, phoxim can be applied to 1-1.5 kg per mu and mixed with poisonous soil to control grubs and other underground pests. At the initial stage of aphid occurrence, 2.5% deltamethrin was sprayed 2500 times with water, and the effect was better. Late blight occurs seriously when Rain Water is too much or before and after flowering, so it should be sprayed with 25% Ruidu or metalaxyl as soon as possible.

6. Intercropping and interplanting. According to many years' experiments, spring virus-free potatoes covered with plastic film can be intercropped with spring onions, cabbage, peanuts, tomatoes, peppers, watermelons, melons, cotton, sorghum and other crops in southern Shandong.