Cultivation techniques of Spring Potato

First, select suitable varieties: select suitable varieties according to different soil conditions and climatic characteristics. At present, the improved varieties introduced, demonstrated and popularized in our county are: Dongnong 303, Feurita and so on. It is appropriate to select the original or first-class and second-class seed potato of virus-free potato, and put an end to using commercial potato as seed potato.

Second, seed potato treatment: seed potato should choose healthy, disease-free, smooth skin, good storage and characteristics of the variety, the same size, large potato, usually cut a few days before sowing, the method is: use a sterilized knife to cut vertically along the top of the seed potato into small pieces, pay attention to the top piece should be slightly smaller, the rear piece should be slightly larger, should be cut into edges Do not cut into thin slices. Each piece weighs about 2030 grams and leaves 1 bud or 2 buds. Stick the wound with plant ash after cutting to prevent spoilage from affecting germination.

Third, timely planting: in order to ensure the high yield and income of potatoes, it is suitable to sow in the middle of January, covered with plastic film, and potatoes can be harvested in the first and middle of May of the following year.

4. Land selection and land preparation: select fields without Solanaceae crops, carrots and other root crops, loose soil, rich in organic matter, medium fertility, deep soil layer and convenient drainage and irrigation, deep ploughing, raking fine, even and flat; then carry out the border according to the 2-meter width of the continuous ditch, the border height is 20 cm, the border surface width is 165 cm, each border is 4 rows, the row spacing is 50 cm, and the plant spacing is 25 cm.

Fifth, heavy application of base fertilizer: generally apply 15002000 kg of farm fertilizer, 20kg of phosphate fertilizer (superphosphate) and 30kg of compound fertilizer per mu, mix them well, dig a planting ditch 10 cm deep on the raised border, spread it evenly in the planting ditch, and then cover a small amount of soil.

6. reasonable close planting: the reasonable planting density is determined according to the soil fertility status and variety characteristics. under the general fertility condition, it is suitable to plant 5500 plants per mu and the seed consumption per mu is 130kg to 150kg. In the planting ditch where base fertilizer is applied, seed potatoes are planted at a distance of 25 cm, single plant, bud eyes upward, then covered with 8 cm fine soil, and then covered with ultra-thin plastic film.

7. Strong field management:

1. Breaking holes to introduce seedlings, covering soil for heat preservation: 3-5 days after emergence, artificial breaking membrane should be adopted to release seedlings, and then fine soil should be used to seal holes for heat preservation, so as to prevent sunburn seedlings from weather changes and do a good job of seedling protection against late frost and frost injury.

2. Pest control: when sowing, phoxim is used to water the planting ditch to control underground pests; if bacterial wilt or late blight occurs, 50% carbendazim wettable powder or 50% topazin wettable powder 800 times can be sprayed twice.

3. Foliar fertilization: in the later stage of growth, 100 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus 250 grams of urea and 50 grams of water per mu were foliar sprayed twice to prevent plant premature senescence, promote multiple tubers and produce large potatoes.

4. timely harvest: when the growth of potatoes stops, the stems and leaves gradually wither and yellow, and stolons and tubers are easy to fall off, they should be harvested in time. If the harvest is too early, the tuber is immature, the dry matter accumulation is less, and the yield is low; if the harvest is too late, it is easy to cause rotten potatoes, reduce quality and affect yield. Select the sunny day to dig the potato and store it according to the size of the potato block. After the water on the surface of the potato block is dried, it is transported and sold in a net bag.