Technical links of High yield of Potato covered with plastic Film

Plastic film potato has the characteristics of early sowing, high yield, early market, high benefit and so on. The development of plastic film potato is of great significance to enrich the vegetable basket of urban and rural people and increase farmers' income.

First, deep ploughing and soil preparation to store enough soil moisture

The formation and expansion of potato tubers requires a deep, loose and moist tillage layer.

The main results are as follows: 1. it is suitable to select loam or sandy loam with deep soil layer and medium fertility, and to rotate with legume and cereal crops, but not with Solanaceae and root crops.

2. After deep ploughing, deep ploughing should be carried out in time, with the appropriate depth of 23cm and 25cm, and shallow ploughing once or twice before sowing.

3. After storing soil moisture and deep ploughing, it is necessary to break the soil blocks in time, pick up the stones and the roots of the previous stubble, and rake to preserve soil moisture in early spring. If the soil moisture is insufficient before sowing, it should be combined with dung water or irrigation to ensure that the soil moisture is sufficient.

II. Formula fertilization and adequate base fertilizer

1. Fertilizer requirement regularity Potato is a potassium-loving and chlorine-avoiding crop, which is dominated by high-quality organic fertilizer and supplemented by chemical fertilizer, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium requirement is 2 ∶ 1 ∶ 5.

2. Fields with a general yield of about 2500 kg per mu should be applied with 2000kg / mu organic fertilizer, 10kg urea or 25kg ammonium bicarbonate, 30kg calcium superphosphate and 30kg potassium sulfate per mu.

3. Fertilization method plastic film cultivation adopts "one bombardment". The fertilizer application ditch is 20-25 cm deep in the center of the sowing ridge, and all the necessary fertilizers are applied.

Third, select improved varieties and planting specifications

1. Tudu Kexin No. 1, No. 2, Anshu 56, Shaza 15 and other medium-ripe varieties should be selected.

2. Select young potatoes with neat shape, bright bud eyes, no diseases and insect pests, no trauma and a size of about 50 grams before sowing.

3. 20-30 days before sowing, keep the hot bed of 15: 18 ℃ or hot-wire hotbed to accelerate germination. When the young buds germinate mung bean, more than 2 sprouts are needed to cut into pieces and sow after mixing with plant ash.

4. Specification planting uses 80 cm wide and 0.005 mm thick microfilm, planting two rows of potatoes, the row spacing is 45 cm to 50 cm, the purebred species is 6000 to 6500 nests per mu, and the interplanting is 4000 to 4500 nests.

4. Early sowing and ridging cultivation

The main results are as follows: 1. The sowing date of potato cultivated with plastic film is 20-25 days earlier than that in the open field, ridge planting and plastic film mulching, anti-freezing and heat preservation. When the soil is thawed and the soil temperature of 10 cm is stabilized at about 70 ℃, the seeds can be sown. The elevation of 800m is in the first and middle of February, and the alpine mountain area of 1000 meters is from late February to early March.

2. The potato cultivated by ridging by sowing method; there are many tubers and large pieces of potatoes, with a ridge height of 20cm and a width of 55cm and a width of 55cm. Two sowing ditches with a depth of 15cm and 20cm are opened at a distance of 40 cm from each other, and seed potatoes are placed along the furrow. Then cover the soil and flatten the ridge surface, cover the film and press the edge of the film.

Fifth, strengthen the field management and harvest in time.

1. Release the seedlings when the potato buds break the soil and grow 1 or 2 leaves, release the seedlings in time, and immediately seal the seedlings with fine soil to prevent the seedlings from being damaged by high temperature.

2, foliar fertilizer spraying potato expansion period, with 2% urea or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution foliar spraying fertilizer, in case of drought, should be poured with light dung water or irrigation to resist drought.

3. To prevent the growth of overgrown plastic film potato from strong growth potential and luxuriant stems and leaves, it is necessary to control and promote the growth in time. The growing fields should be sprayed with 0.05-0.1% dwarf or 30-40 grams of paclobutrazol with 50 kg water. Coring and flower buds can also be taken.

4. Pest control of potato late blight and 28-star lady beetle are the main diseases and insect pests. While pulling out the diseased plants in the late blight center, spray "triadimefon" or "Nongkang 120" 0.1kg / mu 0.2kg / mu with 50 kg of water; 28-star ladybug damage, you can choose 250% "Shenxing attack" 40ml or 48% "Lesbon" 40ml, spray 50kg of water.

5. the harvested potato plant withered, and the middle and lower stems and leaves can be harvested when they turn yellow, and they can also be harvested and listed in time when the market value is the best according to the market situation.