Cultivation of Potato with three Film mulching in Winter and Spring

Cultivation techniques of potato with three film mulching (big arch shed, small arch shed, plastic film) in winter and spring. It is usually germinated and sown in December and harvested at the end of March of the following year. It can produce about 3,500 to 4000 kilograms of potatoes per mu. The potato covered with plastic film is on the market one month earlier than in early spring, and the economic benefit is very remarkable. The cultivation techniques are as follows:

First, @ # @ 185mm / s shed specifications and planting specifications

(1) the specification of site selection and shed construction.

(2) planting specifications. In each small arch shed with 2.40 meters as a planting belt, land preparation can be cultivated in four ridges.

II. Soil preparation and fertilization

The greenhouse land is generally 20-25 cm deep, leveled and raked fine, and combined with land preparation, 2000 kg of rotten organic fertilizer, 20 kg of diammonium phosphate and 200 kg of plant ash are applied per mu.

III. Variety selection

Winter and spring three-film mulch potato should choose early varieties with short dormancy period, early fruiting period and rot resistance, such as Luyin 1, Kexin 13 and so on.

IV. Seed potato treatment

Sowing should choose about 50 kilograms of small whole potatoes, after sowing is not perishable and the growth is exuberant. Large seed potatoes can also be cut into pieces for sowing. Generally, 15-20 days before sowing, soak the seed potato in 0.01% gibberellin solution for 3-5 minutes, then remove it and dry it and put it into a 15-18 ℃ hotbed for budding, maintaining 60%-70% air relative humidity. After 20 days, the buds can be planted with a length of 1-1.50 cm.

Fifth, sowing at the right time

The main results are as follows: (1) the three-film cultivation of potato in winter and spring can be planted in late December. After the seed potato has finished sprouting, sow in sunny, warm and windless weather.

(2) sowing density. As winter and spring potatoes are mostly precocious with three-film mulch, about 5000 plants can be cultivated per mu, and the row spacing is 60 cm × 18 cm 20 cm.

(3) sowing method.

VI. Field management

(1) temperature and humidity management. As the sowing time is in the cold season, the temperature in the shed should be kept at 18: 20 ℃ during the day and 10: 15 ℃ at night to facilitate seedling emergence. If you encounter a cold spell or blizzard during the growing season, you can cover the grass outside the small arch shed to keep the shed warm. During the growing period to keep the soil moist, after the growing period to maintain sufficient moisture, in order to facilitate the growth of stems and leaves, in case of drought, furrow irrigation can be adopted to water in time.

(2) Fertilizer and water management. If there is a lack of fertilizer during the growing period, it can be combined with watering, generally applying 5 kg of urea per mu.

(3) because it is covered with plastic film, when the top soil of the seedling is covered, the plastic film should be cut in time to facilitate seedling emergence. When the potato is budding, the buds should be removed in time and irrigated with water to facilitate the expansion of tubers.

VII. Disease and pest control

(1) early blight can be prevented and treated with 1 Bordeaux solution or 64% alum wettable powder 500 times solution. Late blight can be prevented and treated with 72% Kelou wettable powder 700 × 800 times.

(2) aphids can be controlled with 50% omethoate 600 times solution.

VIII. Timely harvest

Generally speaking, in late March, the leaves of the plant have been basically yellowed, and the potato pieces have been completely expanded, which can be harvested in time according to the market situation.