Huayu 560 (Rice)
Characteristics: this variety is a conventional japonica rice variety. The whole growth period of this variety is 160.1 days in southern Liaoning, southern Xinjiang and Beijing-Tianjin, which is 3.6 days later than that of Jinzhu 1. The plant height is 97.4cm, the total number of grains per panicle is 104.8, the seed setting rate is 90.8%, and the 1000-grain weight is 27.1g. Rice blast is grade 3. Main indicators of rice quality: head rice rate 69.4%, chalky rice rate 17%, chalkiness 1.7%, gel consistency 82 mm, amylose content 16.6%.
Yield performance: in 2002, participated in the regional trial of Jinzhu 1 group in northern rice region, the average yield per mu was 664.9 kg, which was 5.7% higher than that of the control Jinzhu 1 (not significant); in 2003, the average yield per mu was 643.1 kg, which was 4.9% higher than that of the control Jinzhu 1 (extremely significant). In the two-year regional trial, the average yield per mu was 654 kg, 5.3% higher than that of Jinzhu 1. In the production test in 2003, the average yield per mu was 560.5 kg, which was 5% lower than that of the control Jinzhu 1.
Main points of cultivation techniques: 1. Cultivate strong seedlings: according to local planting habits, sow seeds at the same time as Jinzhu No. 1, sow 40 kg per mu of seedling field, and the seedling age is controlled at 30-35 days; 2. Reasonable close planting: the planting specification is 20 × 16.7 cm. 4-6 seedlings per hole 3. Fertilization: full-layer fertilization, 60-70% nitrogen fertilizer, 50% potash fertilizer and all phosphate fertilizer are applied before soil preparation, and the rest are used as topdressing, all of which should be applied within 1 month after transplanting seedlings. 4. Pest control: pay attention to the prevention and control of rice blast and false smut.
Approval opinion: after examination, the variety conforms to the national rice variety approval standard and has been approved. This variety has late ripening stage, high yield, medium resistance to rice blast and high rice quality. It is suitable for rice planting in southern Liaoning, central and southern Liaoning, Beijing, Tianjin and northern Hebei.
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Huahang No. 1 (Rice)
Variety profile: Huahang 1 is a new high-quality and high-yield rice variety selected from hundreds of mutants grown on the ground by the Department of Agronomy of South China Agricultural University after carrying rice seeds in space for 15 days and then sowing on the ground. This variety has the following characteristics: 1. The quality of rice is excellent, the grain is transparent and without abdominal white, and the ratio of length to width is 33 / 35. According to the identification of Guangdong Grain and Oil quality Inspection Station, early rice belongs to the first grade rice. 2. High yield performance. The panicle has large grains and high seed setting rate, with an average total grain number of 209 grains per panicle and 196 grains per panicle.
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Application of anther Culture technique in Rice breeding
Anther culture using the first generation of disease-resistant plants of backcross can transfer disease-resistant genes into japonica rice in a short time, which speeds up the process of disease-resistant breeding of japonica rice. Zhejiang Agricultural University has been matching since 1975. Anther culture was carried out in 1976 and Dan 209, a variety resistant to rice blast and bacterial blight, was bred in 1977. After only 3 years, the resistance genes of two diseases were transferred at the same time, and the breeding speed and efficiency greatly exceeded the conventional research methods of Japanese scholars. This study also discussed the application of anther culture in improved variety breeding.
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