Types and usage of commonly used pond cleaning drugs

Medicine cleaning pond is the use of drugs to kill pathogens, parasites and all kinds of ferocious fish, wild miscellaneous fish and other enemy organisms that harm fish, shrimp and crab seedlings in the pond, so as to avoid affecting the normal growth and development of farmed species due to diseases, so as to improve the efficiency of culture. At present, there are many kinds of clearing pond drugs, but different kinds of drugs have different effects. The commonly used pond cleaning drugs are quicklime, bleach, tea cake, ammonia, Croton, Tangkening and so on.

First, quicklime clears the pond with quicklime, that is, calcium oxide, and its clearing function is that quicklime reacts with water to produce calcium hydroxide and release a large amount of heat energy. Calcium hydroxide is a strong alkali, and its hydroxide ion can increase the pH value of pool water to more than 11 in a short time. As a result, it can quickly kill wild fish, various eggs, aquatic insects, snails, moss, parasites and pathogens and their spores. At the same time, quicklime reacts with water to turn into calcium carbonate, which can make the sludge into a loose structure, improve the aeration condition of the sediment, accelerate the decomposition of organic matter in the sediment, and the replacement of calcium, release nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium absorbed by the sludge, fertilize the pond water, and play the role of indirect fertilization. There are two methods of clearing ponds with quicklime: dry cleaning and water cleaning.

Dry cleaning of the pond: first, drain the pond water or leave it 5 cm deep, dig several small pits at the bottom of the pond, use 70 kilograms of quicklime per mu, and increase or decrease about 10% depending on the amount of sludge at the bottom of the pond. Put quicklime into a small pit or use a water tank to emulsify and sprinkle it evenly all over the pond without cooling. It is best to rake the pond mud with a long handle mud rake the next morning to give full play to the disinfection effect of lime and improve the effect of pond cleaning. Generally speaking, after 7-8 days, the fish can be released.

Clear the pond with water: for the pond that cannot be drained before clearing the pond, you can clean the pond with water, with quicklime 125-150 kg per mu of water depth. Usually, quicklime is put into a bucket or tank and sprinkled evenly throughout the pond while it is hot immediately after melting. The fish can be released when the drug power disappears after 7 days. The practice shows that the disease prevention effect of clearing pond with water is better than that of dry cleaning. It is not necessary to add new water to clean the pond with water, which avoids bringing pathogens and enemy organisms into the pond with water after cleaning the pond. The disadvantage is that the cost is high and the amount of quicklime is relatively large.

Whether it is cleaning the pond with water or the dry method, the pond cleaning effect can be achieved in a few hours after cleaning the pond with quicklime, and the disease prevention effect is good, but it must be noted that the alkaline water body can not be cleaned by this method.

Second, bleaching powder pond cleaning bleach generally contains about 30% of available chlorine, which is hydrolyzed to produce hypochlorite, which immediately releases new ecological oxygen, which has a strong role in sterilizing and killing enemy organisms. When applying, dissolve the medicine with water in a wooden bucket, sprinkle it all over the pool immediately, and then use the boat and bamboo pole to move in the pool, so that the drug is evenly distributed in the water body to increase the efficacy. A pond with a depth of 1 meter per mu uses 13.5 kilograms. The fish can be released when the drug power disappears after 5 days. Bleach has a strong germicidal effect, but it is easy to volatilize and hydrolyze, so its effective content should be detected first. If the content is not enough, the dosage should be increased appropriately.

Ammonia water is a kind of good liquid nitrogen fertilizer, which is strongly alkaline. High concentration of ammonia can significantly change the pH value of pond water, kill wild miscellaneous fish and have the effect of killing bacteria and insects, and have a good effect on disease prevention. When in use, the pond water is generally drained or retained at a depth of 6cm, 1213kg of ammonia per mu, sprinkled evenly over the whole pool with an appropriate amount of water, and fish can be released after 4 to 5 days.

Tea meal Qingtang tea meal, also known as tea seed cake, is purple-brown granule, which is the residue left after the fruit of Theaceae is pressed for oil. Tea meal contains saponins, also known as saponins, which can kill various wild miscellaneous fish, snails, clams, frog eggs, tadpoles and some aquatic insects. Tea meal is a kind of high efficient fertilizer because of its high protein content, which can increase fertilizer in ponds with less silt and poor sediment. Tea cake is generally used to clear the pond with water. when in use, the tea meal is mashed, soaked in a jar, taken out every other day, and poured into the pond with dregs and water, with a water depth of 40 kilograms per mu. Because diosgenin is easily soluble in alkaline water, it is more effective to add 1.5 kg of salt and 1.5 kg of quicklime per 50 kg of tea meal.

Fifth, Croton Qingtang Croton can only kill most wild miscellaneous fish, and the toxicity disappears longer than the previous ones. Therefore, it takes about 10 days after using Croton to clear the pond before releasing the fry, and when the fry goes into the pond, it is necessary to test the toxicity of the pond water. When in use, first break the Croton with water, then soak for 3 days, and sprinkle the whole pool with residue and juice when entering the pond. Its dosage is an average water depth of 1 meter, 3-5 kg per mu.

6. Tangkening is a new type of plant extract concentrated by special technology, and it is a kind of green pond cleaning agent. This product specializes in killing fish, Loach, tadpoles, snails, snails, etc., can be used in shrimp, crab culture process of clearing ponds, and the use of five times the dose is still safe for shrimp and crab. It is used to clear shrimp and crab ponds, which can not be replaced by other drugs. When in use, put this product into a bucket, add 50 ~ 100 kg of water and mix well, then sprinkle it evenly in the whole pool. Its dosage is 1 kg of this product can be used 6 mu 15 cm water depth, that is, 1 kg per mu of water depth. As this product is easily soluble in alkaline water, add 3 kg of salt and 3 kg of quicklime to mix and sprinkle with water, the effect is better. When this product is used alone to kill snails, the dosage can be reduced to save cost.