Nine kinds of vaccination methods for chickens

Immunization is an indispensable work in the farm, and the success or failure of immunization is related to the benefit of raising chickens. Practice has proved that a higher immune effect can be obtained by choosing an effective immune method under the same conditions.

The author collected the experience of some chicken farmers, combined with theory, summed up ten methods and applicable types of vaccine for the majority of chicken farmers (geese and ducks) to choose and use.

1. Nose dripping and eye dripping. The vaccine was diluted and shaken well with 25ml sterilized normal saline, and one drop was dropped in the corns and nostrils respectively with a standard eyedropper (also available in plastic bottles of eyedrops). The vaccine was inhaled into the lungs from the chicken trachea and infiltrated into the eyes. The comparison method is suitable for the vaccination of chicken plague Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ vaccine and attenuated vaccine such as transmission branch and throat. It makes the chicken vaccine uniform and has better immune effect. It is called the best method of attenuated vaccine by the breeding community.

two。 Soak the head and stuffy the nose. Dilute the vaccine with 0.5 ml of saline per chicken (0.5 ml for chicks, 1 ml for more than 1 month old) in a tea bowl, catch the chicken legs and wings, press and hold the chicken head and soak the vaccine (set eyes) for two seconds, quickly take it out, so that the chicken's eyes, nose and mouth are stained with the vaccine. This method is suitable for attenuated vaccines such as chicken plague Ⅱ, Ⅳ or bursa of Fabricius. After antibody monitoring, the epidemic prevention effect is better than nasal drip, drinking water and injection alone. Many chicken farmers also reflect that the operation is easy and fast.

3. Intramuscular injection. The vaccine was diluted with normal saline at a dose of 0.5 ml per chicken and injected into the leg, chest or wing muscles with an injection needle. Injection leg should be selected on the outside of the leg without blood vessels, piercing along the direction of the leg bone to avoid stabbing blood vessels and nerves; injection chest should be the needle along the sternum direction, select the middle and tilt 30 degrees into, to prevent vertical puncture injury and viscera; 2-month-old chickens can be injected wing muscle, to choose the root of the wing muscle injection. This method is suitable for chicken plague Ⅰ vaccine, oil vaccine and attenuated or inactivated vaccine of avian cholera.

4. Hypodermic injection. This method is suitable for chicken Marek vaccination. 1000 doses of the vaccine were diluted into 200ml of special diluent, and 0.2ml was injected subcutaneously into the neck of the chicken. During the injection, the skin should be pinched and pierced to prevent injury to the blood vessels and nerves of the neck of the chicken.

5. Intra-wing thorn seed method. 1000 doses of vaccine, diluted with 25ml normal saline, shake well, use a dipping pen (@ # @ 89 saline @ for sale) or vaccination needle dipped in the vaccine, the inside of the chicken wings without blood vessels, 20-day-old chicks prick one needle, big chicken thorn 2 needles, this method is suitable for chicken plague Ⅰ vaccine and chicken plague vaccine vaccination, but need to check the thorn site three days later, if the small lump or erythema indicates that the vaccination is successful, otherwise it needs to be re-inoculated.

6. Spray inoculation. Close the air hole before spraying, dilute the vaccine with 150 ml of distilled water and 300 ml, filter with gauze, spray in the air of 1000 chickens with sprayer (gun), spray evenly, spray 1.5 meters away from the chicken, open the vent 20 minutes after spraying, add antibiotics to the feed after immunization to prevent balloon inflammation. This method is suitable for vaccination of chicken plague Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ line and transmission branch.

7. Brush the anus. This method is mainly used for laryngeal vaccination. Add 30ml normal saline to dilute the vaccine, hold the chicken upside down, pinch the abdomen with your hand to make the anal mucosa turn out, and wipe the anal powder film with an inoculation brush or cotton ball, until the mucous membrane becomes red, change a brush for every 1000 chickens.

8. Drinking water immunity. Stop water to the chicken 3 hours before drinking water immunization (2 hours in summer), wash the drinking fountain repeatedly, and rinse again with cold boiled water to ensure that there are no residual disinfectants or foreign bodies. The vaccine released twice as much as chicken is diluted with cold boiled water, and the amount of water is strictly controlled: 5: 10 ml per chicken at the age of 5-15 months, 10 ml at the age of 16-30 days, 20 ml at the age of 30 days, and 20 ml at the age of 30 days. The vaccine should be diluted according to this amount of water, and 0.1% skim milk powder should be added to the water. The vaccine should be finished within one hour and can not be fed until half an hour later. Potassium permanganate and other disinfectants are not allowed to drink within 24 hours. This method is suitable for the vaccination of chicken plague Ⅱ, Ⅳ strain and bursa attenuated vaccine.

Mixing and inoculating method. Mainly used for free-range chickens in rural areas. Australia has developed a simple and effective chicken plague vaccine in recent years. This kind of vaccine V4~UPm is a heat-resistant variant of Australian V4 strain. The V4~UPm vaccine virus is wrapped on feed particles with experimental equipment, and chickens fed with this feed can produce immunity to chicken plague.

9. Hair follicle smearing. It is suitable for chicken plague vaccination. 1000 doses of vaccine were diluted and shaken with 30ml normal saline, several feathers from chicken legs were pulled out, the vaccine was dipped with cotton balls, and daubed against the growth direction of feathers, it could make hair follicles red and swollen after 3 days, which showed that it was effective. (courtesy of flirtatious talents)