Seven measures for Prevention and Control of Frost injury of Young Tea trees
1. Apply wax fertilizer. The cold resistance of young tea trees is relatively weak, so it is necessary to re-apply wax fertilizer before overwintering. Fertilizers are mainly soil manure, barnyard manure and biogas residue with certain heat preservation effect, while a certain amount of cake fertilizer, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate fertilizer are applied at the same time. Wax fertilizer can not only play the role of heat preservation and anti-freezing, enhance the frost resistance of tea trees, but also lay a good foundation for the growth of tea trees in the coming year.
two。 Cultivate the earth and choke it. To prevent the root neck from freezing is the key measure to prevent the freezing of young tea trees. Therefore, before overwintering, low young tea trees should be combined with intermediate ploughing, weeding, soil cultivation and thickening the soil layer to ensure that the key parts of tea trees are not frostbitten.
3. Cover the grass to prevent frost. Before the young tea trees overwintered, the tree plate cover grass (about 3 cm thick) and the tree crown covered with sunshade net and plastic film can reduce the heat loss of soil, increase the ground temperature of tea garden, reduce the direct attack of cold frost on tea seedlings, and then enhance the ability of tea trees to resist frost.
4. Spray fertilizer to prevent freezing. Before overwintering, diluted biogas slurry, Na's 778, Kehan stress-resistant yield increasing agent and cold-resistant spray Shibao were sprayed for 1 or 2 times before overwintering, which could obviously improve the ability of overwintering cold resistance.
5. Irrigation and moisturizing. In the dry year, for the young tea garden with dry soil, the tea garden should be irrigated (or dung water) before the low temperature and cold wave in winter to improve the humidity of the tea garden. This can increase the soil heat capacity and obviously reduce the freezing injury of tea garden.
6. Proper interplanting. Interplanting broad beans, peas and radishes between rows of young tea trees in winter can effectively block the cold wind and reduce the freezing of young tea trees. It will be harvested early in the coming year (with no effect on the growth of tea seedlings), it is still a good green feed.
7. Smoke and prevent freezing. On the basis of the above anti-freezing measures, in case of a strong cold wave, we should prepare flammable materials such as sawdust, grain husks and turf before the cold wave comes, and pile them in the tea garden according to the topography, geomorphology and wind direction of the tea garden. When the temperature drops to about 2 ℃, choose a windless and sunny evening to light it all and make it smoke-filled. Use the "Greenhouse Effect" formed by smoke to reduce the radiation and loss of heat from the tea garden at night, so as to effectively reduce the harm of cold wave and frost to young tea plants.
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Key points of production recovery Technology of Tea trees after Snow disaster and Frost injury
This year, some tea areas across the country experienced severe weather such as heavy snow and low temperature freezing, which caused different degrees of snow disaster and freezing damage, such as broken branches, discolored leaves, withered branches and so on. In order to resume tea production and reduce the economic loss of tea farmers as soon as possible, in view of the occurrence of disasters, the following technical points are put forward. 1. Pruning 1. Mild frost injury (only leaves are damaged): no pruning or light pruning as appropriate. 2. Moderate freezing injury (damage to production branches) and severe freezing injury (damage to backbone branches): pruning when the boundary between the frozen dead part and the healthy part is clear.
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Take active measures to prevent and control the freezing injury of tea trees
Freezing injury is the main weather disaster suffered by tea trees. After the tea tree suffered from frost injury, it would affect the yield and quality of tea, and seriously cause serious defoliation and even death of the whole plant. According to the growing season, tea freezing injury can be divided into overwintering freezing injury and budding freezing injury, and the latter has the greatest influence on the yield and quality of spring tea in that year. During the overwintering period, the prevention of freezing injury in the growing season should strengthen the management of fertilizer cultivation, pay attention to the prevention of diseases and insect pests, and implement the combination of collection and cultivation to promote the healthy growth of tea trees, so as to accumulate more organic matter and improve their resistance to low temperature. Autumn and winter
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