Key points of production recovery Technology of Tea trees after Snow disaster and Frost injury
This year, some tea areas across the country experienced severe weather such as heavy snow and low temperature freezing, which caused different degrees of snow disaster and freezing damage, such as broken branches, discolored leaves, withered branches and so on. In order to resume tea production and reduce the economic loss of tea farmers as soon as possible, in view of the occurrence of disasters, the following technical points are put forward.
1. Pruning
1. Mild freezing injury (only leaves are damaged): no pruning or light pruning as appropriate.
2. Moderate freezing injury (damage to production branches) and severe freezing injury (damage to backbone branches): pruning when the boundary between the frozen dead part and the healthy part is clear, and the cut is 1-2 cm deeper than the dead part. It is usually from late February to early March.
II. Fertilizer and water management
1. Fertilization: 50 kg / mu of common compound fertilizer (25% of total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients) or 30 kg / mu of high concentration compound fertilizer (45% of total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients) before the end of February; 15-20 kg / mu of urea at the beginning of April. Trench application, ditch depth of 10 cm.
2. Drainage: after melting snow, tea gardens with stagnant water will be trenched and drained in time.
Third, restore the crown
After the frozen tea tree has been pruned, it should be kept properly to restore the crown. The tea trees with light pruning should be picked normally in the early stage of spring tea, and the leaves should be harvested in the later stage; the tea trees with severe freezing and deep pruning should be kept for spring shoot and summer tea for top picking.
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Remedial measures for Frost injury of Tea trees
From February 15 to 18, we investigated the freezing injury of tea trees in Zixingtang City, Pengshi City, Guocha Institute and Chenzhou Huatang Tea Farm. The investigation found that in the well-cultivated tea garden, the green leaves of the tea trees are thick, the trees are strong, and the degree of disaster is mild, and vice versa. The disaster degree of different varieties was also different, among which the early varieties Fuyun 6 and Fuding Dahao and Bai Maozao were seriously affected, while the middle and late varieties Bixiangzao, Qianye Qi, hairy crab and population varieties were less affected. On the whole, all the tea trees in the survey sites suffered frost injury, among which the disaster was more serious.
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Seven measures for Prevention and Control of Frost injury of Young Tea trees
1. Apply wax fertilizer. The cold resistance of young tea trees is relatively weak, so it is necessary to re-apply wax fertilizer before overwintering. Fertilizers are mainly soil manure, barnyard manure and biogas residue with certain heat preservation effect, while a certain amount of cake fertilizer, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate fertilizer are applied at the same time. Wax fertilizer can not only play the role of heat preservation and anti-freezing, enhance the frost resistance of tea trees, but also lay a good foundation for the growth of tea trees in the coming year. two。 Cultivate the earth and choke it. To prevent the root neck from freezing is the key measure to prevent the freezing of young tea trees. Therefore, before the young tea trees overwintered, they should
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