Growth characteristics and Fertilizer and Water Management of Cotton at Bud stage
The growth characteristics of cotton at bud stage cotton entered a period of both vegetative growth and reproductive growth from the beginning of budding, but it was still dominated by vegetative growth. The photosynthates in the bud stage are mainly transported to the vigorous growth parts of the main stem and fruit branches, and few are supplied to the buds. With the rising temperature, the growth of roots, stems, leaves, fruit branches and flower buds of cotton is obviously accelerated, plant metabolism is more and more exuberant, physiological activities are enhanced, photosynthetic productivity is high, and root growth reaches a vigorous period. The main purpose of this period of management is to grow stably and build a high yield shelf.
The growth phase of normal cotton in bud stage cotton should be "strong but not prosperous, stable but not declining", that is, on the basis of strong seedlings and early development, strong trees should grow steadily, not only to make the roots of developed plants strong, big buds and more buds, but also to prevent overgrowth. The normal appearance at the bud stage is that the stem is stout, the internodes of the main stem are compact, the red stem accounts for 60%, the width of the value plant is greater than the height, the top center is sunken and fat, the positive direction is strong, the leaf size is moderate, the leaf color is oil green, the fruit branch is strong, the bud is big, the bud is many, and the average growth of one fruit branch is about three days. The daily growth of the main stem increased from 0.3 cm at budding to 1.5 cm at budding stage and 2 cm to 2.5 cm at budding stage. When it blossoms, the plant is 50-55 cm high, with about 10 fruit branches and more than 20 buds.
Rational operation and management of fertilizer and water
1. Steady fertilization. The fertilizer requirement of cotton in bud stage is significantly higher than that in seedling stage, and fertilization should be controlled flexibly according to cotton plant growth, soil fertility, weather conditions and so on. In cotton fields with good soil fertility, sufficient base fertilizer and prosperous growth, it is not suitable to apply quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, but appropriate amount of cake fertilizer and potash fertilizer. 2530kg cake fertilizer and 1015kg potash fertilizer are applied per mu. In the medium fertility cotton field, if the bottom fertilizer is sufficient and the cotton seedling grows well, the compound fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can be applied 10kg / mu; in the cotton field with poor soil fertility, insufficient base fertilizer and poor cotton seedling growth, it is necessary to apply available nitrogen fertilizer properly. Urea is generally applied 5kg / mu at the early stage of budding. Topdressing is about 30 cm away from the cotton plant, so that deep application and suppression can not only give full play to the fertilizer effect, but also prevent fertilizer damage.
2. Watering skillfully. Cotton at bud stage requires soil moisture of 10 cm to 30 cm to be maintained at 60% 70% of the maximum capacity in the field, and should be watered immediately to prevent drought when it is reduced to 50%. In order to ensure the stable growth of cotton seedlings, do not flood irrigation, implement interlaced furrow irrigation, watering 30 cubic meters per mu. After watering at the bud stage, it is necessary to loosen the soil in time, break the consolidation, promote the root system to tie down, and enhance the ability of drought resistance and waterlogging resistance in the later stage.
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Leguminosae forage grass-- big wing bean
Big wing bean, native to Central and South America, was introduced from Mexico in Australia, and was introduced by Australia in 1974. Now it is planted in Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi and other provinces with good performance. The leaves of large-winged beans are green and sparsely hairy, with silver-gray fine hairy hairs on the back, and dark purple racemes. Is an excellent legume forage, green feeding or preparation of hay can be, cattle, sheep like to eat, especially deer like to eat, seeds for quail, pigeon, turkey and other birds like to eat. Strong regeneration, can be cut 2 to 3 times a year, fresh per hectare
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Strengthening Fertilizer and Water Management to prevent premature senescence of Cotton
Recently, there is a trend of premature senescence in some cotton fields, so measures must be taken as soon as possible to ensure high cotton yield. It mainly shows that the red stem to the top of the cotton plant, the stem is hard and inelastic, the growth point of the main stem is prominent, it is difficult to extend the new fruit branches and nodes, the leaves fade, the new leaves are small, the leaves of the middle and lower parts of the cotton plant appear reddish brown spots, and the basal leaves wither; the leaf margin scorched and fell off prematurely. The cause of premature senility (1) the weather is unfavorable. This year, cotton suffered a severe drought in the early stage of growth and waterlogging in the middle stage, resulting in poor root growth and fertilizer absorption.
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