A New Cultivation Technique of Cotton for Saving Labor and Increasing Yield

This technology is on the basis of cotton not pruning and branching, only hitting the top and edge, also known as the second topping cultivation method, which is a more labor-saving one-time topping cultivation method, which saves at least 70% of labor, while the yield increases by more than 8%. The quality of cotton is basically the same as that of the traditional method. The key technologies are as follows:

1. A good variety is selected and the sowing date tends to be moderate. It is suitable to select the varieties with large key type, strong growth in the middle stage, seed cotton yield of no less than 350kg per mu and high yield of more than 500kg. Huakang Ⅲ series, Qiufeng Daling series and disease-resistant GK~12105 lines are usually selected. The sowing date should not be too early. Only when the ground temperature of 5 cm stably passes through 16 ℃ can the seeds be sown. The land should be ploughed and raked well, sown enough, and then covered with plastic film.

two。 The difference between soil fertility and thinning is reasonable. Sparse planting has a good promoting effect on giving full play to individual advantages, but it should not be too sparse. 1000-1500 plants per mu is suitable for high-fertilizer and water plots in Huang-Huai-Hai, Yangtze River valley and south cotton area, and 1500-2000 plants per mu for medium-fertilizer and water plots. The density of melon cotton, vegetable cotton and rice-wheat cotton should be increased appropriately. There are no less than 6000 plants in new and sweet cotton areas.

3. To increase fertilization, the most important thing is balance. Simplified cultivation techniques require more than 30% more fertilizer than traditional methods. Farm manure 3000kg / mu or organic bagged concentrate fertilizer 150kg / mu, urea 25kg / mu, calcium superphosphate 75kg / mu, potassium sulfate 25kg / mu, zinc, boron and molybdenum fertilizer 3kg / mu. The absorption is gradually weakened in the later stage, and it should be fertilized outside the root, and it is better to apply 2116 per day, 2003 plant power and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in turn for 3 times, once a week.

4. If you hit the top early, the bell will be fine. When the cotton plant grows to 1.2-1.3 meters (non-new and sweet cotton area), the Huang-Huai River Basin usually knocks off the top and side tips at one time before and after the Beginning of Autumn, so as to promote its boll growth and increase yield. The topping time of the Yangtze River and the south of the Yangtze River should be appropriately delayed, and the Haihe River Basin and southern Liaoning and northern Hebei should be appropriately advanced.

5. The chemical adjustment should be light, and the flood should not flood. Chemicals have a certain effect on increasing cotton production, but it is not easy to be overweight, overweight growth agents (such as 920, etc.) lead to overgrowth, and inhibitors (such as Fengchanling, more bolls, etc.) cause bolls to squeeze and fall off, small trees and weak trees to reduce yield. It is better to use it with caution. Cotton is the most avoid flood irrigation, seedling death, mid-bud boll drop, late catkins increase. However, in case of summer drought, "horse racing water" should be poured. Pay attention to drainage and loosen the soil during waterlogging.

6. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, distinguish between serious and serious. Because of its high resistance to cotton bollworm and red bollworm, it is not necessary to guard against aphids, mites and bugs. Fusarium wilt and anthracnose should be properly controlled at seedling stage. For yellow and Fusarium wilt, Huakang Ⅲ series need not be carefully controlled because of its high resistance, Qiufeng Daling series should be properly controlled, and GK~12105 series should be carefully prevented because of its weak resistance.