Cultivation techniques of Chinese wolfberry

Plant with seeds, cuttings and ramets. The seeds are planted, soak the dried fruit with water, wash the seeds, and dry them. The sowing time in northwest and northern regions is mostly in the first and middle of May, and Shandong is divided into spring sowing (late March) and summer sowing (July). Soaking the seeds with 40 ℃ warm water for one day and night before sowing can promote the emergence of seedlings quickly and neatly. When sowing, sow in shallow trenches with a depth of 1cm to 1.65cm and a distance of 33cm. The seeds are mixed with some sand and sprinkled into the ditch, covering soil 0.67cm, and watering after light treading. The sowing amount per mu is about 0.4kg / mu. Irrigation before July can accelerate the growth of seedlings, and little or no irrigation after August to promote the Lignification of seedlings. In order to accelerate the growth of seedlings, fertilizer can be applied properly, and the time of topdressing should be before July, which can be applied twice, each time about 5-7.5 kg of urea per mu, and irrigated immediately after fertilization. Cutting propagation is mostly carried out after the sap flows in spring and before sprouting and releasing leaves. One-year-old long branches are selected, cut into short branches 13.2 cm long, the upper end is cut into a flat mouth, and the lower end is cut into a wedge, and is obliquely inserted into the seedbed according to the row spacing of 33 cm × 16.5 cm. Keep the soil moist, and the survival rate is more than 95%. To propagate separately, the small plants germinated from the roots of Lycium barbarum are directly dug up and transplanted, which saves labor, but the quality of the variety is difficult to distinguish. In order to avoid the above shortcomings, the tillering seedlings growing on the lower part of the rhizome of the mother plant or on the horizontal root within 10cm to 23.1 cm from the mother plant can be cut off for transplanting.

After thawing in spring, Chinese wolfberry is planted before sprouting or in the rainy season from July to August, and it is best to plant in spring. Each hole is 33 meters wide and 33 meters deep according to the row spacing of 2 meters 2.5 meters × 2 meters. Each hole is mixed with a small amount of mature organic fertilizer and topsoil, cut short the excessively long roots, plant the seedlings in the holes, stretch the roots, first fill the topsoil, then fill the core soil, and when burying the soil to half a hole, gently lift the seedlings up, so that the roots are stretched, layered and firm. And water it immediately.

Turn the garden and dry the soil twice a year to enhance soil permeability, preserve soil moisture and promote root development. After the soil was thawed in early spring for the first time, the soil was shallowly dug 13.2cm to 16.5cm, and the second time before freezing water (Shandong and Hebei) or August (Ningxia and Gansu), the soil was turned over 23.1cm to 26.4cm (appropriate shallow digging in the vicinity of the lateral root). During the growing period, attention should be paid to weeding and weeding during the growing period. the depth of mid-ploughing is about 6.7-10cm. Chinese wolfberry is very sensitive to water and fertilizer. Generally, from late October to mid-November, we apply rotten pig and sheep manure, manure, Kang soil, cake fertilizer, etc., open a ring-shaped ditch on one side of the tree, cover the soil, pat and water. Fertilizer can also be sprinkled under the crown of the tree when the garden is turned over in autumn, along with digging the garden into the soil. In addition to combined fertilization and irrigation, head water must be irrigated after the beginning of spring, and then some droughts should be irrigated every 10 to 15 days, and frozen water should be irrigated before freezing. The sprouting and branching ability of Lycium barbarum is very strong. Only by reasonable shaping and pruning can we cultivate a balanced and stable tree with large fruiting area and easy to manage.