A New Flos Lonicerae Variety "Jiufeng 1" and its cultivation techniques

The new tetraploid honeysuckle variety "Jiufeng 1" is a new tetraploid variety of honeysuckle "Dahaohua", which is cultivated by polyploid breeding technique with the cooperation between Jiujianpeng Agricultural Science and Technology Park Co., Ltd., Pingyi County, Shandong Province and Plant Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences. On December 5, 2004, the achievement passed the appraisal of provincial scientific and technological achievements organized by the Science and Technology Department of Shandong Province (Lu Ke Cheng Jianzi [2004] No. 813), which was considered to "reach the international leading level of honeysuckle breeding research".

1 main characters

1.1 Stem and branch

The stem and branch of this variety is stout and upright, which is beneficial to pruning into a reasonable tree structure. The average length of internodes is 4.60cm, the proportion of flower branches of 2-year-old plants is 91.7%, and that of 3-year-old plants is 99.6%. There are almost no long branches and flower buds are capped. This morphological characteristic is the basis for creating reasonable plant morphological structure, increasing the number of flowering, and achieving high yield and high efficiency.

1.2 leaves

The leaf is heart-shaped, the leaf tip is obtusely round, and the leaf average length 5.97cm and width 4.50cm. This leaf characteristic is conducive to the formation of larger photosynthetic area and higher photosynthetic efficiency, and increase the accumulation of photosynthate and dry matter, which is the high-yield morphological and physiological basis of the new variety.

1.3 Flowers

The average length of buds is 4.91cm (the longest is 6.50cm), the diameter of base of buds is 2.52mm, the diameter of top of buds is 6.27mm, and the petals are thick 0.32mm. The anther length, width, stigma diameter and nectary diameter were larger.

1.4 villi

The villi of leaves and young stems are densely, hard and long. This morphological feature makes the variety have strong resistance to aphids and mites, greatly reduces the amount of pesticides used in the cultivation process, and is beneficial to the green pollution-free cultivation of Flos Lonicerae according to the requirements of GAP, with little or no pesticide application, which is especially suitable for pollution-free cultivation.

2 active ingredient content

The content of chlorogenic acid (the main effective component) of this variety is high. According to the laboratory analysis of Linyi Institute for Drug Control, the content of chlorogenic acid is 30% higher than that of "Dazhaohua".

3 yield performance

3.1 thousand buds weigh

The fresh flower weight of this variety Qianlei is 310g, which is 157.5% higher than that of "big hairy flower" (120.4g).

3.2 number of buds

This variety has few long branches and many flowering branches. The 1-year-old 2-year-old plant had a small number of shoot-growing branches, and after the third year, there were almost no long-growing branches. The number of flower buds per 2-year-old plant was 4624, 12.64% more than that of "big hairy flower" (4105).

3.3 demonstration output

After years of yield measurement, the average dry flower yield of this variety is 225.80kg per mu, which is higher than that of "Da Maohua" (average dry flower 142.20kg per mu). The yield of dry flower 83.6kg per mu is 58.79%.

4 main cultivation techniques

4.1 colonization

It can be planted in early spring or late autumn, digging holes according to plant and row spacing of 1 × 1.5m, 444 piers per mu, 2 seedlings per pier, compacted with soil and watered adequately. It can also be planted reasonably on the edge of the field and the Weir according to the topography.

4.2 ploughing and weeding

It should be ploughed and weeded 3 or 4 times a year.

4.3 fertilization

Planting within 1-2 years is the stage of setting the stump of the plant, and more fertilizers such as rotten human and animal manure, plant ash, urea, potassium sulfate and so on should be applied. In spring and summer, we should mainly apply thin human and animal dung water, apply 1000~2000kg per mu, and never use too thick human and animal dung water. The amount of fertilizer used depends on the size of the flower stump. For those who were more than 5 years old, each plant applied soil fertilizer 5kg, ammonium sulfate 50g / 100g, calcium superphosphate 150g / 200g, or human and animal feces and urine 5~10kg in spring. The dosage of less than 5 years old should be reduced. After the first crop flowering, chemical fertilizer was mainly applied, and 250g urea and 1250g superphosphate per mu were sprayed on the leaf of water 50kg, and the rejuvenation and yield increase was obvious. Before the beginning of winter, apply rotten compost, barnyard manure, drink cake fertilizer, in order to survive the winter.

4.4 shaping and pruning

4.4.1 the purpose of conventional plastic surgery is to cut honeysuckle into small shrubs with short erect branches and umbrella-shaped branches. Pruning is divided into winter pruning and growing pruning. Honeysuckle which is pruned and planted for 1 ~ 2 years in winter needs to be pruned in winter. Winter shearing can be carried out from December to late February of the following year, that is, before honeysuckle sprouts. First cultivate the trunk, cut off the upper branches, make the plant height about 35cm, and promote the branch germination. Keep 5-6 vigorous branches in the upper part of the trunk. The sprouting branches in that year are usually flower branches. For branches, cut off the upper part of all branches, leaving only 5-7 pairs of buds to promote the growth of new branches. Because the old branches do not blossom, the withered old branches and diseased branches should be cut off when cutting in winter, so as to reduce the consumption of nutrients and cut the overdense branches that affect ventilation and light. At the same time, cut off the branches sent down and the young ones from the roots. Through winter pruning, the 4-and 5-year-old adult flower stumps generally keep the crown width 80~120cm, leaving 80-120 fruiting mother branches, and the distance between the mother branches keeps 8~10cm. The purpose of pruning during the growing period is to promote the formation of multi-stubble flowers and increase yield. After each full bloom. The first time was to cut the spring shoot after the first stubble in the first ten days of June, the second time to cut the summer shoot after the second crop in late July, and the third time to cut the autumn shoot after three crops in early September. During the growing period, the pruning should be mainly light pruning, with 4-5 nodes for strong branches and 2-3 nodes for medium-sized branches, and the distance between branches should be maintained at 8~10cm.

4.4.2 the upright pole is assisted to make a frame next to the plant, so that on the climbing frame of the stem, the branches can be evenly distributed through pruning in winter and during the growing period, so as to facilitate ventilation and light transmission. The utility model has the characteristics of good shaping effect, rapid increase in output, strong resistance to fertilizer and water, convenient pruning and flower picking, etc.

4.5 Disease and pest control

The main disease is brown spot, which is sprayed with 50% mancozeb 600x solution, and the pest is mainly Chinese honeysuckle aphid, which is sprayed with 2500 times solution of 15% aphid lice.

4.6 harvesting

It is generally harvested in four crops from late May to mid-October. After picking the unbudded "big white" flower needles, dry, sun-dry or dry them in time, and properly preserve them after fully drying.