Key points of cultivation techniques of New varieties of Honeysuckle

Land selection and preparation. Jincuilei, Yincuilei and Baiyun are not tolerant of shade, so they should be planted in sandy loam with sunny, deep soil layer, fertile and loose soil, good ventilation and drainage, and slope below 15°. 3 new varieties have vigorous growth vigor, compact crown, easy to form flower buds, have the characteristics that the new branches can develop into flower buds in the same year, and can flower immediately after planting in the same year. The high yield characters are good and suitable for dense planting cultivation. The suitable plant spacing is 2 m ×2 m or 2 m ×1.5 m. When preparing the soil, the method of digging holes can be adopted, and the specification is 70 cm ×70 cm ×70 cm. To apply sufficient base fertilizer, compost, straw or green weeds 4000~5000 kg, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer 150~300 kg per mu, or vegetable cake 0.2~0.3 kg, compound fertilizer 0.15 kg, or farm manure 15 kg per hole.

Propagation: can be divided into plants, layering propagation, but time-consuming, low reproduction coefficient, but also may affect the growth and yield of mother plants. Also can use lonicera macranthoides, honeysuckle, honeysuckle as rootstock grafting, but the survival rate is low, about 30%~50%, and seedling cycle is longer. Cuttings were treated with phytohormones and sprayed intermittently under full illumination. The survival rate was 20%~40%. At present, Hunan Province Forestry Academy has developed tissue culture rapid propagation technology, and the use of "seedling propagation" technology, greatly increased the propagation coefficient, reduced the production cost of tissue culture. After field inspection and verification by experts, the proliferation rate of tissue culture seedlings of new varieties of honeysuckle reached 4.5%, the rooting rate was 98%, and the survival rate of transplantation was 94.8%.

Fertilizer and water management: Jin Cuilei, Yin Cuilei and Baiyun have wide adaptability, drought tolerance and barren tolerance, but they should still increase fertilizer and water supply during cultivation, increase organic fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and green manure, combine spraying, foliar spraying nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium quick-acting fertilizer and boron, calcium, iron, zinc and other trace fertilizers. Topdressing twice a year and basal dressing once a year. When budding in early spring, a certain amount of fertilizer is applied, and 0.15 kg compound fertilizer is applied to each hole. Adding phosphate fertilizer before flower picking could promote growth and increase flower yield significantly. Applying compound fertilizer 0.1 kg per hole. Late autumn or honeysuckle into dormancy period, each hole applied dry cake fertilizer 0.15 kg or decomposed farm manure 5 kg.

Shaping and pruning: new varieties of honeysuckle are suitable for cultivation into round-headed plant type or umbrella-shaped shrub. Because its growth potential is more prosperous, the growth season should be timely top-picking, control honeysuckle excessive growth, so as not to form thin hook-shaped branches. Dormancy season should also cut off dead old branches, pest branches, thin branches, cross disturbed tree branches, etc., so that nutrients concentrated in the new branches, the formation of buds. Every summer, after picking flowers, shoot picking is carried out many times, and the flowering shoots are picked to promote the formation of new flower shoots, and the buds near the roots are cut off, as well as excessive branches, so as to reduce nutrient consumption.

Soil management: after honeysuckle planting survival, to timely intertill weeding. Intertillage weeding must be carried out 3~4 times a year in the first 3 years after planting, the first time for new leaves, the second time in July ~ August, and the last time before frost in late autumn and early winter, combined with intertillage and soil cultivation to prevent roots from exposing to the ground. After 3 years, depending on the growth of plants and the breeding of weeds, the number of weeding should be appropriately reduced, and soil cultivation should be carried out from February to March every spring and before winter after autumn. In order to prevent soil hardening and improve the ability of water and fertilizer conservation, the honeysuckle garden should be deeply turned once every 4 years, with a depth of 40~50 cm. The method is: 20~30 cm away from the trunk first out of the ditch, extension in turn, topsoil and base fertilizer mixed into the ground, leveling the ground. For barren mountainous areas, if there is soil source, the soil can be compacted to thicken the soil layer, creating good conditions for the growth and development of honeysuckle roots.

Pest control: the main pests and diseases for powdery mildew, leaf spot disease and aphids, honeysuckle leaf wasps.

Powdery mildew can be sprayed with 50% colloidal sulfur 100g to 20kg of water or 15% triadimefon WP 2000 times at the early stage of disease; 75% rudu mold or chlorothalonil 800~1000 times, or 25% triadimefon 1000 times at the early stage of bud emergence.

Leaf spot disease occurred in summer and autumn, when the disease occurred, the leaves showed small yellow spots, gradually developed into brown small round spots, and finally the disease dried and perforated. The disease should be removed in time to prevent spread, and the Bordeaux mixture of 1∶1200 or 65% Dezeb WP 400~500 times should be sprayed continuously for 2~3 times.

Aphids generally begin to occur before and after Qingming, mostly on the back of leaves; cloudy and foggy days before and after summer, the damage is more serious, which can make leaves and buds shrink and stop growth, resulting in serious yield reduction. The aphids can be controlled by spraying 800~1500 times of 40% dimethoate emulsion or 2000 times of 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate once in clear and rainy days respectively. Honeysuckle leaf wasps bite leaves from April to September, spray 0% crystal trichlorfon 1000 times solution, but avoid using it in flowering stage.

Harvesting: The best time for honeysuckle flower picking is when the upper part of the bud expands slightly milky white, the lower part is green, and when it is in bud, it is not appropriate to harvest too early or too late, which will affect the quality of the medicinal materials. The flower buds should be kept as low as possible, and sent to the sun or drying room in time. Harvesting time can not bring branches, leaves and other impurities.