Key techniques of sexual reproduction of Gastrodia elata

Gastrodia elata, also known as red arrow, fairy foot, back to the cage seed, for the orchid plant. The rhizome of Gastrodia elata can be used as medicine, which is a kind of scarce precious traditional Chinese medicine. The reproduction method of Gastrodia elata is divided into asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction. Seed reproduction is sexual reproduction, which can not only solve the problem of lack of seed flax, but also avoid variety degradation caused by long-term five-sex reproduction. The key techniques of sexual reproduction of Gastrodia elata are recommended as follows for reference.

First, the choice of venue. The site for seed cultivation should be in a place where the management is convenient, the wind is sheltered, and the soil does not accumulate water. The cultivation cellar should be shallow and rectangular, lay out 1-2 rows of cultivated fungus, and then cover 6-10 cm humus soil. When harvesting and digging Gastrodia elata, it is necessary to choose a well-developed, non-invasive, sound bud mouth with a weight of more than 100 grams as the mother of the cultured seeds. Maternal hemp should be planted as it is dug and should not be released for a long time. When planting, a mother hemp is planted every 15 centimeters on both sides of the cultivated fungus, and the bud mouth is up. After planting, the soil is 10 centimeters thick on the seed flax, and covered with antifreeze straw mats and so on.

Second, artificial pollination. Gastrodia elata is a bisexual flower, because its stigma is located at the base of the lip, the top cap will not fall off, the anther is massive and sticky, can not be dispersed. Therefore, artificial pollination is necessary to obtain more seeds. When pollinating, you should gently hold the flower stem and ovary in your left hand, put a pair of tweezers in your right hand into the crooked pot-shaped mouth, open the kettle wide, then clip the medicine cap and pollen block, and put it firmly on the stigma in the lower part. The next day when pollination inspection, there is no cap on the flower is already pollinated. During flowering, pollination is required every day. Until pollination is over. The best period of pollination is from 10:00 to 14:00 every day. It is necessary to master the maturity of pollen tubers during pollination. The sign of its maturity is: loose expansion, lift the cap slightly, and pollen appears on the edge of the cap, which is the most suitable for pollination.

Third, the fruit of Gastrodia elata matured one after another from late June to mid-early July, the mature pericarp gradually cracked into six petals, and the seeds fell out of the gap. Therefore, the seeds should be checked frequently during the mature period so as not to lose the seeds. When the lower fruit begins to crack, the neighboring 3-5 fruits will be cut off and harvested in batches. Put the harvested fruit into a paper bag and bring it back to the room to dry and record the number of the fruit. When the pericarp is cracked and seeds are shaken, it should be sown in time and should not be kept for a long time.

4. The suitable culture bed of Gastrodia elata is 20 bacteria per cellar. The cellar depth is 20 cm 25 cm, and the distance between the wood is 2 cm 3 cm. After filling the gap between the solid wood, a layer of green maple and birch oak leaves is about 3 cm thick, then drenched with sufficient water, and the back cover grass or deciduous leaves are 6 cm 10 cm thick.

Fifth, uncover the mulch on the fungus bed before sowing. Lift the fallen leaves from the sowing layer and sow the seeds evenly. After sowing, cover the sterilized leaves 3-4 cm, and then put a layer of new wood, 6-10 cm apart. Finally, cover the fungus with humus soil or sand 10 cm thick, and cover the grass to moisturize at the same time. Generally, it is not suitable to turn, so as not to affect the growth of young flax. After sowing, it can be harvested and transplanted in November in the second year, and the transplanting method is the same as tuber propagation.