How to continuously cultivate Pleurotus ostreatus with good quality and high yield

In some old mushroom areas where Pleurotus ostreatus is continuously cultivated, destructive diseases such as walnut disease and button disease often occur. If it is light, the yield will be reduced by 50%, and if it is heavy, there will be no harvest, which will bring certain economic losses to farmers. Therefore, it is very important to change the traditional cultivation techniques.

The main results were as follows: (1) the disease-resistant varieties were selected and compared, Heiping and Xide 99 were selected, followed by Jiangdu 5526 and Xinyi 1.

2 the recommended formula for preparing high yield medium is as follows: 75% of cotton husk, 15% of corncob, 7% of wheat bran, 3% of quicklime, 0.5% of diammonium phosphate, 50% of carbendazim wettable powder, 0.10% of carbendazim wettable powder and 1.70 of material-water ratio. Adding 15% crushed corncob (peanut size) to the main material cotton husk can not only reduce the cost, but also increase the air permeability and water absorption capacity of the material, which is beneficial to the robust growth of mycelium. An appropriate amount of wheat bran can supplement organic nitrogen sources and vitamins and increase the stamina of mushroom production. Properly increasing the ratio of material to water can ensure the humidity in the material, prolong the time of mushroom production and increase the amount of mushroom production.

(3) to cultivate robust mycelium, 22cm X38cm short polyethylene is suitable for mushroom bag. The bacteria room should be fumigated and sterilized in advance, and the amount of inoculation should be 15%. When the mycelium cover uses a blade to increase oxygen at both ends, and the mycelium grows to 1 × 2 of the culture material, uniformly tie two aerated holes with a sharp rod of 2 cm in diameter, from one end to the other, which can greatly accelerate the mycelium growth. 15 min can fill the bag in 20 days.

(4) mushroom produced in two stages of bacterial bag and mud wall.

4.1 A mushroom bag full of mushrooms can enter the shed to produce mushrooms when part of the primordium is present, and the bag does not need to open or pull up the film, so as to let the mushrooms grow naturally from the aeration hole so as to avoid the loss of moisture in the bag. When the fruiting body grows to more than 3 cm, you can spray well water directly on the mushroom surface at about 10:00 every morning. It will be harvested when the fruiting body grows to medium well. Practice has proved that as long as the water content of the culture material is properly increased during mixing, it is generally not necessary to inject nutrient water into the bag during the first and second stubble mushroom production.

4.2 the sturdy rods that have produced 1 or 2 crops of mushrooms will be removed from the mud wall. Select fertile soil to take out the sun, and mix in 0.05% urea, 0.5% phosphate fertilizer, 1% quicklime, add water and form nutrient mud. A layer of bacterial rods and a layer of nutritious mud barrier is about 1.20 meters high, and two rows of bacterial rods form a mud wall. The seams at the bottom of the two rows of bacterial rods are filled with fertile soil and a storage tank is built on it, and the two sides of the wall are sewn with nutritious mud. Build the second bacterial rod wall in turn, and the distance between the two walls is 60 cm. In this way, the humidity of mushroom emergence can be ensured only by slowly permeating and moistening the nutrient water in the sink (nutrient water formula; 0.05% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.03% of magnesium sulfate, 0.5% of glucose, 0.30% of diammonium phosphate). In principle, there is more mushroom and more water in the trough, and vice versa. This method not only saves the complicated working procedure of replenishing water with water replenisher bag, but also avoids the reduction of vitality of water-flooded mycelium, coupled with the protection of sealing mud, there is little harm to diseases and insect pests.

4.3 attention points: after each mushroom harvest, be sure to keep the material surface moist. If it is found to be dry, spray water to moisten it and then cover it with film. After forming the primordium, remove the film and keep the air relative humidity above 85%. After each mushroom harvest, pour nutritious water once; if there are loopholes in the flume, fill it with fertile soil in time. If there is a crack in the sealing mud of the wall, it should be applied strictly in time. In addition, Pleurotus ostreatus growing on the mushroom wall is thick, so you should cut it with a knife when harvesting. Don't break it hard so as not to damage the fungus wall.