Pollution-free cultivation techniques of Edible Lily

Lily belongs to Liliaceae, its flowers can be watched, fresh stem is a kind of vegetable with high nutritional value and high medicinal value, and the economic benefit of planting lily is high. In this paper, the pollution-free cultivation techniques of edible lily are introduced.

(1) Scientific land selection, although rotation lilies have wide adaptability and can be cultivated in a variety of soils, it is most suitable to choose plots with high topography, smooth drainage, loose soil and fertile land. It is not suitable to choose the fields where the previous crop is pepper, eggplant and so on. Continuous cropping and continuous cropping are most avoided. At the same time, crop rotation must be carried out to enrich the soil, reduce diseases and insect pests and ensure high quality and high yield.

(2) with the re-application of base fertilizer, the lily in the finishing field has a long growth period and needs a large amount of fertilizer, so the re-application of base fertilizer is an important measure to win the high yield of lilies, and the general base fertilizer accounts for more than 70% of the total amount of fertilizer application. The base fertilizer is mainly rotten organic fertilizer, generally applying fully mature barnyard manure 1500-2000kg, plant ash 500kg, cake fertilizer 50kg, compound fertilizer 20kg, spread evenly in the field before turning the fruit, and turn deeply into the soil.

Before sowing, green space was used to clear 3kg per mu, mixed with fine soil 25kg, and evenly sprinkled on the whole field for soil treatment. Then leveling and raking are carried out. To achieve "flat, fat, net, smooth", that is, the field should be flat, the soil is fertile, the border surface is clean, and the drainage and irrigation is smooth. The width of the border is 1.4m-1.5m, the width of the furrow is 30cm, and the depth is 25cm. And achieve border ditch, waist ditch, perimeter ditch three ditches matching, in order to facilitate the smooth flow of drainage and irrigation.

(3) select seed balls and strictly disinfect selected disease-free balls. The seed balls with bright color, close integration, strong root system and disease-free insects should be selected when selecting seeds. It is suitable to choose the same size and net weight of 25-30g. Strictly disinfect the seed balls, generally soak the seeds with 50% carbendazim 500 times solution for 20 minutes, remove them to dry and wait for sowing.

(4) sowing seeds at the right time, planting our land reasonably and closely, and the suitable sowing time is in the first and middle of September, and the free land can also be advanced appropriately. The previous crop is a medium-and single-night rice field, and the sowing should be finished before the middle or late October. The density is plant spacing 20cm, row spacing 25cm, 12000-14000 plants per mu. When sowing, first use hoe to open the sowing ditch, deep 5-8cm, and then spray the ditch with 50% carbendazim 500x solution. Then according to the plant distance to cover the soil or cover the fire soil ash, but do not cover the soil too thick. Then use methyl topiramate spray, and then cover the plastic film.

(5) plastic film mulching after sowing, checking seedlings and making up for sowing, plastic film mulching can not only preserve soil moisture, increase temperature, kill weeds, but also prevent heavy rain erosion, and the soil should not be consolidated.

It takes 6 months for lily to emerge after planting, and it is necessary to do a good job of breaking the membrane and ventilating and introducing seedlings in the seedling stage. Plastic film should also be sealed to prevent the growth of weeds. Within 1 week after emergence, the seedling should be checked to fill the gap, and attention should be paid to clear ditch drainage and prevent low temperature waterlogging.

(6) weeding in mid-ploughing, timely topdressing and weeding before seedling, generally using special herbicides for dry land, such as glyphosate and butachlor. When the seedling height is about 10cm, ploughing and weeding twice in time. After budding, a deep ploughing is usually carried out in the first ten days of May, and pay attention to soil cultivation. After the buds are removed, a shallow ploughing and deep 4cm should be carried out.

Topdressing should be skillfully applied, mainly with rotten human and animal feces and urine, generally 3 times. In the first time, 500 Mu of rotten human and animal feces and urine was applied in the first time, and the second time, when the seedling height was 10-15cm, 1000-1500kg was applied in the manure of mature acquaintances per mu, and the fertilization method was strip application, but not close to the plants to prevent "burning seedlings". After harvesting bulbs, the third topdressing is carried out to increase fertility to prevent premature senility, which is the key period for the formation of high yield of lilies. Generally, 10kg compound fertilizer is applied per mu, and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed on the leaves.

(7) after timely picking buds and preventing the emergence of buds of lilies, when the buds are not blooming, the buds should be removed in time, mainly to control the reproductive growth of lilies and promote the rapid expansion of bulbs. At this time, do not apply fertilizer blindly, lest the stem node grow too long, affecting the development and hypertrophy of the bulb.

The principle of prevention and control of diseases and insect pests in pollution-free cultivation of lily is "prevention first, comprehensive control". Rhizoctonia solani and root rot are the main diseases of lilies. Except for bulb treatment and soil treatment, Bordeaux solution was used to prevent them at seedling stage, and 500-fold methyl topiramate solution was used to control the disease. At the same time, it is necessary to dredge the three ditches, do a good job of drainage after rain, reduce the humidity in the field and reduce the occurrence of diseases. At present, the main pests of lilies in our land are underground pests. Soil treatment must be done before sowing, and farm manure must be fully mature at the same time. If insect pests are found, phoxim can be used to irrigate the roots, or sycamore leaves can be used to cover the ground for manual hunting in the next morning.

(8) timely harvest, graded bead harvest in mid-June, fresh lilies on the market in late June, processed lilies can be harvested in Greater Heat, and seed can be harvested before and after the Beginning of Autumn. The quality of seeds should be strictly controlled during harvest, so that the seed selection work can be combined in the field and indoors, and commercial lily species and seed lily species should be collected and stored at different levels. Especially after harvest can not be exposed to the sun, so as not to affect the quality.