Key points of Lily cultivation

Lilium is a perennial herb whose underground bulb is made up of dozens of scale leaves. Lilies are divided into two categories: sweet and bitter, bitter lilies are mainly used for medicinal purposes, and sweet lilies are mainly used for consumption (the main varieties are dragon bud lilies, etc.). Sweet lily flavor, rich nutrition, can be processed into dried slices or lily powder, etc., often have the effects of moistening the lungs and relieving cough, calming the mind, etc., the products sell well at home and abroad. The yield of planting lily per mu can be as high as more than 1000 kg, and the economic benefit is considerable. The main cultivation techniques are as follows:

I. soil preparation and fertilization

It is generally appropriate to select loose, fertile, low groundwater level sand loam, after appropriate deep turning, rake the border, requiring the border width of about 1.5 meters, height of about 20 cm, inter-border ditch width of about 30 cm, while opening a good width of about 50 cm of the field ditch and field edge ditch, in order to facilitate drainage and irrigation. The basic fertilizer should be applied before ploughing. Generally, 2500-3000 kg of rotten farm manure, 100-150 kg of bran fertilizer and 15-25 kg of superphosphate should be applied per mu, and ploughed into the soil and raked flat.

II. Planting and management

Before "the Beginning of Winter", the bulbs harvested that year were selected as seeds. Before planting, carefully cut the multi-core seed ball with a small bamboo knife (do not use iron cutting or hand breaking). When planting, the seed groove was made into a width of 7 cm × 10 cm on the border surface, and the seed core was placed upward in the seed ditch according to the row spacing of 30 cm × 15 cm, and then covered with loose soil about 3 cm thick. After planting for about 15 days, it is appropriate to apply a "overwintering fertilizer", about 2500 kg of rotten cow pen manure per mu, it is appropriate to cover the border, and the surface layer should be irrigated with appropriate amount of rotten dilute manure water. By the following year, the seedlings will come out. When the height is 15 cm, one-time ploughing and weeding is carried out, and the rotten manure water is applied to about 1500 kg per mu. When the underground bulb begins to form and expand, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied again (it is not suitable to apply nitrogen fertilizer in the field). Since then, when the local upper flower buds turn red, they will be removed to promote the concentrated supply of nutrients to the underground bulbs and increase yield. The removed buds should be treated centrally and should not be allowed to rot in the field so as not to cause rotten stems and dead seedlings.

III. Prevention and control of diseases and pests

The prevention and control of diseases and insect pests should give priority to prevention and reasonable crop rotation. In general, the same piece of land should be planted every 3 years. If planted on hilly slopes, rotation should be carried out year by year from downhill to upward, which can reduce the soil spread of germs. The common disease of lily is Rhizoctonia solani, which can be controlled by spraying Bordeaux solution or topazine. The main pest is the beetle, which can be killed manually. In addition, during the growth of lilies, we should strictly prevent human and animal trampling, otherwise, it is very easy to cause decay and death.