The basic method of diagnosis of leprosy

Key points of attention in practical application

The reasonable collocation of different protein feeds due to the different quality of different protein feeds, mainly due to the different content of essential amino acids, the reasonable collocation of protein feed must be considered when matching dairy cow feed. in order to ensure the intake of reasonable protein nutrients for dairy cows. In the actual production, when we use corn meal, silage corn and DDGS, because of the high methionine content of these feeds and the relative lack of lysine, lysine becomes the first limiting amino acid. When matching diets, we should consider the problem of lysine, appropriately reduce the feed from corn and increase the source of protein feed rich in lysine.

The methods of rational processing and improving the utilization rate of protein feed are heating, chemical reagent or the combination of both, so as to reduce the degradation rate and degree of feed protein in rumen, ensure the reasonable ratio of rumen degraded protein (RDP) and rumen non-degradable protein (RUP), and improve the utilization rate of protein feed. During processing, it is necessary to prevent not only the increase of digestible RUP due to insufficient treatment, but also the loss of amino acids caused by excessive treatment. Rumen protective proteins and rumen protective amino acids are commonly used. These products can provide more rumen proteins and amino acids for absorption and utilization of the small intestine.

Energy and nitrogen balance to improve the synthesis efficiency of microbial protein many experiments in vivo and in vitro have shown that the digestion rate of carbohydrates is the main factor to control the energy needed to control the growth of rumen microorganisms. The lack of available energy can lead to the production of ammonia in the rumen faster than the utilization rate of rumen bacteria, resulting in the waste of protein feed and the reduction of milk protein rate, which directly affects the production performance of dairy cows and the quality of milk.

Judgment basis in practical application

Under normal circumstances, the ratio of fat to protein in milk has a reasonable range, and that of Holstein cows is between 1.05 and 1.18. If it is higher than 1.18, it may indicate energy deficiency, imbalance of energy and nitrogen, insufficient utilization of feed protein, and dairy cows may suffer from subclinical or clinical ketosis at this time. On the contrary, it may indicate that the concentrate feed is overfed, and the cow may suffer from subclinical or clinical acidosis. According to this, the dosage and ratio of feed were adjusted.

Under normal conditions, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN), BUN and MUN of dairy cows have a certain range. Its low value is accompanied by low milk protein, which may indicate insufficient feed protein and low energy, while its high value is accompanied by low milk protein, which may indicate feed protein excess and energy deficiency. According to the specific conditions of each farm, combined with DHI data to determine its reasonable range and the utilization of protein feed. Make full use of these data, raise them scientifically and improve the efficiency.