Cultivation points of Japanese Pear and Korean Pear

Select suitable rootstocks to cultivate virus-free strong seedlings: the suitable rootstocks are sand pear, Yunnan pear and Chuanli pear, and Chuanli pear and Yunnan pear should be used in southwest China. In the construction of the garden, virus-free seedlings should be planted as far as possible, and suitable pollination trees should be arranged.

Reasonable close planting to increase per unit yield: the trees of Japanese and Korean pears are relatively shorter than Chinese pears, the branches are shorter, the crown is more compact, the planting density should be reduced appropriately, and the yield per unit area should be increased by increasing the number of plants per unit area. The plant row distance depends on the tree shape, garden topography and soil fat and thin. That is, small crown sparse layer shape and 3mur4 main branch happy shape, fertile flat land 3.5 m × 4.5 m, gently sloping land 3 m × 4 m; two main branches "Y" shaped, fertile flat land 2.5 m × 4.5 m, gently sloping land 2 m × 4 m; free spindle shape, fertile flat land 2.5 × 5.0 m, gently sloping land 2 m × 4.5 m.

The suitable tree shape was selected and the pruning method was improved: instead of the traditional semi-round head shape, open stratification shape and multi-main branch sparse layer shape, the small crown sparse layer shape, 3Mel 4 main branch happy shape, two main branches "Y" shape or free spindle shape were used. In terms of pruning, young trees should be pruned with less thinning and more retention, less cutting and more release, Dora, and more carved "two less and four more" slow pruning, and opening enough angle of the main branch to make it grow into a tree and put into production as soon as possible. In the full fruiting period, the cultivation and management of trees should be strengthened to prevent premature senescence, early production of Korean pears, high fruit setting rate, strong high yield, large amount of fertilizer and water consumed, and tree potential prone to early senescence, so it is necessary to do a good job in soil, fertilizer and water management and pest control in a timely manner, so as to ensure strong yield, high quality and prolong economic life. In fertilization, we should pay attention to the complete elements, coordinated proportion, do not only re-apply chemical nitrogen fertilizer. Yunnan grows in early spring, in addition to combining topdressing to permeate pre-flowering water and post-anthesis water, the maximum soil water holding capacity is often maintained at 60% Mel 80% during the young fruit growing period. Where there are conditions, it is best to install sprinkler irrigation facilities, in the weather Kangyang air dry, spray water in the air to increase air humidity, so as to avoid fruit cracking.

Vegetables, flowers, sulfur fruits, reasonable results: in pruning, trees with many flower buds should be properly cut off fruiting branches to reduce the amount of flowers and the ineffective consumption of nutrients in the following year. After flowering and setting a table, if there are too many flowers or small fruits, it is necessary to timely sparse flowers and fruits and bear reasonable fruit, so as not to cause multiple small fruits, reduce quality, increase fruit without increasing yield, and overcome annual fruit and avoid premature senescence.

Fruit bagging, improve appearance quality: Japanese and Korean pear fruits grow in the natural environment, the skin is thick and rough, the fruit spot is large, dense and prominent, must be bagged to produce high-grade high-quality fruit with thin skin, smooth, beautiful and fine flesh. The brown variety was bagged with a translucent white single-layer bag only once and bagged for 40 min and 50 days after flowering, and the fruit was yellowish after unbagging. Yellow-green fruits, such as golden pears, were bagged twice, the first time, about 20 days after Xiehua, the small white bags with paraffin paper inside, and the second time, 50 days after the first bagging, the fruits were covered with single-layer two-color bags with white outside or yellow inside. The fruit is light green, the skin is thin and smooth, and the meat is tender and juicy. Remove the small bag when you cover the big bag and remove the big bag when harvesting. According to reports, the white wax paper bag of 6cm × 7cm produced by the Tottori Prefecture Fruit bag Factory in Japan is the best for the small bag set for the first time, and the large bag for the second time is the single-layer two-color bag of 17cm × 20cm produced by Qingdao Jiatian Paper Co., Ltd. Do not use the outer yellow and inner black two-color bag, because the fruit out of this bag is yellow and white, the fruit spot is more prominent, and even yellow spots appear, which makes the appearance unbeautiful.