Cultivation techniques of Autumn garlic with plastic Film mulching

With plastic film mulching, the yield of garlic sprouts increased from 100~150kg to 200~300kg, and the yield of garlic heads per mu increased from 2000kg to 2500~3000kg.

1. Variety selection

Garlic of cattail tree of Shandong Zhangqiu county is used to do autumnal seed and mulch cultivate breed more. Local varieties suitable for local cultivation can be selected.

II. Soil preparation and fertilization

Garlic cultivation is mainly based on base fertilizer, which needs to apply more than 5000kg farm mixed fertilizer per mu, and add 50kg calcium superphosphate as base fertilizer. Do not crop plots. After ploughing, a 1.67m wide flat bed was made, and 2.5kg carbaryl powder was used per mu to control underground pests and garlic maggots. After leveling the ridge, spray herbicide, cover the plastic film first and then plant garlic, or plant garlic first and cover the plastic film.

Third, choose garlic cloves

Be picky about garlic cloves before planting. Eliminate mildew, stiff petals and small petals. It has been reported that 8~10g garlic cloves yield more than 30% than 4~6g garlic cloves.

IV. Sowing

The sowing time is in the middle and late September in Northeast China. Before freezing in late November, 4 leaves and 1 heart grow, plant height is 10~15cm, this kind of seedling has strong cold resistance, which is conducive to overwintering and reducing dead seedlings.

The planting density is 17×8.5cm or 13× 10cm, 4.5~4.8 thousand plants per mu, 200~ 250kg garlic per mu.

When sowing first and covering plastic film, ditch according to row spacing, depth of 3.3cm, plant garlic cloves according to plant spacing, cover soil with soil without exposing garlic cloves tip, and then firmly, select plastic film with width of 1.4m to cover the ridge with width of 1.5m (except ridge width of 20~ 27cm), bury the film around the ridge; when covering plastic film first and sowing, plant garlic cloves according to row spacing requirements until the garlic cloves tip does not expose the film. Water immediately after planting.

V. Field management

When sowing first and covering plastic film, aim at the tip of seedling and tie film hole in time after emergence, so that seedlings naturally grow out of film. From sowing to freezing, it takes about 2 months, generally watering 8~10 times, watering less if the soil has good moisture content, watering enough frozen water, and applying ammonium bicarbonate 20~25kg per mu with frozen water, or dilute water of decomposed dung. During the winter period, it is necessary to use wheat straw or straw, leaves, etc. as mulch after the light snow festival. The mulch shall be thin first, and the mulch shall be thickened twice with the temperature drop, and the maximum thickness shall be 10cm. After the Spring Festival, the weather gradually warmed up, and the mulch was removed in stages, until the Jingzhe Festival. Around the middle of March began to return to green growth, watering once after squatting seedlings. After squatting, keep the soil moist frequently. After "rotten line"(garlic planting), apply ammonium bicarbonate 20~25kg per mu in combination with watering. After that, apply a small amount of chemical fertilizer with clean water every other day until 3~4 days before garlic sprouts are extracted. Garlic sprouts should be extracted at noon on sunny days when garlic plants have little moisture, and try to extract them cleanly. After bolting, the plants gradually aged, water and fertilizer should be applied equally, and quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer should be applied to promote rapid growth of garlic. After 20 days, stop watering and fertilizing garlic sprouts, and harvest when half of the leaves at the lower part of the plants turn yellow in about 5 days. The harvest time in the northeast region is around June 20.