How to grow garlic well

Garlic is an indispensable seasoning for cooking, which is needed by every household and has a large market capacity. Garlic is resistant to storage and transportation, and can be pickled into a variety of food, which can be supplied to the market all the year round. Garlic contains phytofungicides, which have inhibitory and bactericidal effects. The edible parts of garlic are green garlic (green leaves and pseudostem), garlic moss (flower stem) and garlic (bulb). Planting garlic has higher economic benefits.

Garlic should be planted in sandy loam with fertile soil, loose soil and good drainage. During the sowing period from August to mid-September, garlic should be cultivated earlier and can be sown before the middle of August, while those cultivated for garlic and garlic moss can be sown from late August to the first and middle of September. Sufficient basic fertilizer should be applied before sowing. Generally, more than 2000 kg of rotten farm manure such as pigs, sheep and ducks, 30 kg of calcium superphosphate and 5 kg of potassium sulfate should be applied per mu, and 50 kg and 70 kg of quicklime should be applied to acid soil to adjust soil pH. After ploughing, rake fine to make the border, the width of the border is 1.4 meters (even ditch).

The main varieties of garlic in our area are Chengdu Ershui early and Sichuan Yunding early. The two varieties are both used for garlic, garlic moss and garlic, and they are early-maturing varieties. Generally, garlic can be harvested from October to March, garlic moss from March to April, and garlic from May to June. The amount of garlic cloves is 50kg to 70kg per mu. The garlic cloves were graded in size to facilitate the consistent seedling emergence and growth. The distance between the rows and plants is 15 × 10 cm, and the garlic cloves can be inserted into the soil and flat with the soil. One centimeter of soil is covered after sowing. Then use 50% Acetochlor mu with 100 ml flushing water 45 kg whole field fine spray to control weeds. Then cover the pig pen fertilizer or straw, and apply thin human and animal manure. In the future, pay attention to watering to preserve soil moisture, in order to facilitate the emergence of seedlings, generally 10-15 days to emerge seedlings. Garlic needs a large amount of fertilizer, so topdressing should be started when the seedling height is 3 to 5 centimeters. 20 piculs of human feces and urine or 10 kilograms of urea should be applied every mu, once every 15 days, for 3 times in a row. Green garlic can be harvested 2 months after emergence and harvested in stages until March. Generally, more than 1000 kilograms of green garlic can be harvested. Green garlic should be fertilized once for each harvest, and heavy fertilizer should be applied once in the first ten days of March and at the end of March. Each mu should be irrigated with 15 kg of urea to promote the growth of garlic moss and garlic.

The main diseases of garlic are white rot, leaf blight, purple spot and so on. When it occurs, it can be prevented by 70% methyl topiramate or 50% carbendazim flushing spray. The main pests are garlic maggots, onion thrips, etc. Garlic maggots can be irrigated with 50% phoxim 500 times, and onion thrips can be controlled with 10% imidacloprid or 80% dichlorvos.

Appropriate amount of fertilizer should be applied during the garlic expansion period from April to June, stop fertilization and watering in the later stage of garlic expansion, and pay attention to field drainage, so as not to cause garlic skin rot and loose petal phenomenon. Garlic moss can be harvested when the leaf sheath is about 10 cm, and the general yield per mu is about 200 kg. When the garlic leaves are withered and yellow, choose to pull up the whole garlic plant on a sunny day, tie it up into bundles, hang it in a cool place or go on the market.