Main diseases of soft-shelled turtle and their prevention and treatment

With the continuous development of turtle culture industry, the continuous increase of artificial culture density and the promotion of constant temperature intensive culture, the factors causing soft-shelled turtle disease are increasing day by day, which brings a lot of difficulties and economic losses to professional farmers. The etiology and prevention techniques of several common diseases of soft-shelled turtle are introduced below.

I. hemorrhagic disease

Caused by virus and Aeromonas punctata, it can be seen that there are bleeding spots or bleeding spots in the abdominal nail of the diseased soft-shelled turtle, and erosive growth in the dorsal nail, which can cause death in severe cases.

Prevention and treatment: sprinkle furazolidone in the whole pool at 1.5 g / m3, and take oral sulfonamides, antibiotics and so on.

2. Skin rot

Caused by Aeromonas punctata infection, the diseased soft-shelled turtle first showed grayish-white massive lesions on the body surface, especially in the neck, limbs, tail and skirt, and then gradually spread, skin erosion, the formation of ulcers, severe neck muscle and bone exposure, stop eating, and stay on the table without water, and finally died of failure.

Methods of prevention and treatment: keep water color, separate culture in time, prevent bite; sprinkle with 2g / m3 bleach every 10 to 15 days; isolate diseased soft-shelled turtle, soak diseased soft-shelled turtle in 3% salt water for 15 minutes; wash diseased soft-shelled turtle with 10 g / m3 sulfonamide or antibiotic solution for 48 hours; intraperitoneal injection of 15-200000 international units of antibiotics per kilogram of soft-shelled turtle The soft-shelled turtle pond was sprinkled with 5 g / m3 furazolidone and fed with 0.3% fluorocarboxylic acid for 5 days.

3. White spot disease

Caused by Mucor infection, the neck, limbs and skirt of the diseased soft-shelled turtle had mung bean-sized white spots, which gradually expanded into white spots, resulting in epidermis necrosis and disintegration, resulting in bacteria complicated with infection and blood death.

Prevention and treatment: sprinkle with 500 g / m3 salt and 500 g / m3 baking soda mixture throughout the pool; soak the diseased turtle with 10 g / m3 bleach for 1 hour for 2 hours, then wash with 10 g / m3 malachite green for 15 minutes. Do not use antibiotics to control.

Furunculosis

Caused by the infection of punctate subspecies of Aeromonas punctata. In the early stage of infection, small white boils appeared on the neck, back skirt and the base of limbs, then gradually increased and protruded outward, and the boils burst with light yellow pus and smelly.

Prevention and treatment methods: change the pool water, adjust the water quality, sprinkle the whole pool with 5 g / m3 furazolidone; soak the diseased turtle with 100 g / m3 furazolidone for 30 minutes or 0.2% rivanol solution for 15 minutes. Then wipe dry the water of the turtle and apply erythromycin ointment (put it into the pool after drying) 0.3% of the feed amount of tetracycline or oxytetracycline bait was given for 4 days as a course of treatment for 2 to 3 consecutive courses.

5. Perforation

It is caused by Aeromonas punctata infection. Soybean-sized boils appeared on the body surface of the diseased soft-shelled turtle, and then gradually increased and protruded outward, squeezing out the contents like bean dregs, and the round hole-like lesions appeared when the contents were flowed out.

Prevention and treatment: strengthen the management of water quality and feed, sprinkle the whole pool with 40 g / m3 oxytetracycline powder, first wash the diseased soft-shelled turtle with 3% salt water for 15 minutes, then bathe with 10 g / m3 gentamicin for 30 hours. apply erythromycin ointment to dry soft-shelled turtle (wait to dry and then put it into the pool), feed 0.5% fluropionic acid or 0.3% chloramphenicol plus 0.3% furazolidone bait. 3-5 days was halved to 1 course of treatment, and 2-3 courses of treatment were given continuously.

VI. Trichoderma

It is also called bell-shaped disease, which is caused by protozoa such as cumulus, constrictor, monosodium and so on. Make soft-shelled turtle's neck, limbs, dorsal ventral nail and other places appear a mass of cotton-like white hair, serious cases cause ulceration, resulting in death.

Prevention and treatment methods: sprinkle with 1 g / m3 bleach in the whole pool, wash the diseased soft-shelled turtle with 2.5% salt water for 10 minutes for 2 days, or wash the diseased soft-shelled turtle with 7 g / m3 copper sulfate and ferrous sulfate mixture for 20 minutes.

7. Red neck disease

Caused by Aeromonas aerogenes, the diseased soft-shelled turtle showed red spots on the abdomen, the neck was swollen and could not be retracted after protruding. In severe cases, the whole body was red and swollen, and the eyes were cloudy, white and blind, and soon died.

Prevention and treatment methods: change the pool water, sprinkle it with 40 g / m3 soil mold powder in the whole pool; inject 200000 IU per kilogram of soft-shelled turtle with gentamicin or kanamycin for 5 days for 6 days; give 0.02% oxytetracycline or chlortetracycline to the body weight of soft-shelled turtles, halve the dose from 2 to 6 days, and feed for 2 courses.