Practical techniques for the cultivation of Redstone head Fish (American Red Fish)

Sciaenops ocellatus, commonly known as American red fish, Pingtan locals also known as "red catfish" or "one point spring," native to the South Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coastal waters. Delicate meat, delicious taste, strong disease resistance, rapid growth, a wide range of feed. In Pingtan County is gradually becoming a new hot aquaculture. The practical technology of its cultivation is briefly introduced as follows:

1 Habits of life

Pseudo-red-headed fish belongs to Perciformes, Sciaenidae, Pseudo-red-headed fish is a kind of marine economic fish with wide temperature, wide salinity, warm water and anadromous. The optimum temperature range for growth of this fish is 8 - 35℃, the optimum is 22 - 35℃, the optimum salt range is 0‰-40‰, the optimum is 20‰-35‰, pH is 6 - 9, the optimum is 7 - 8, dissolved oxygen is above 3.0 mg/l, the optimum is 5.0 - 9.0 mg/l. Because the calcium needed for the growth of Pseudosciaenops rubrosus mainly depends on the infiltration of calcium ions (calcium ions) in the surrounding water, it has certain requirements for the total hardness and total oxygen content of the growth zone, calcium ion concentration should be greater than 100mg/l, chloride ion concentration should be greater than 150mg/l, which should be considered in the selection of sea areas.

2 Methods of cultivation

2.1 Key points of net cage cultivation technology

Sea area selection: not only to meet the requirements of red for environmental conditions to the maximum extent, but also to meet the special requirements of cage culture. The bottom quality is preferably silt or sand mud bottom, the water quality is clean and pollution-free. Current velocity in sea area shall be less than 1m/s, and swirling current shall be avoided in sea area.

The mesh requirement is that the back thread of the pseudo-red stone fish is not developed, unlike@#@240 @#@, it is easy to escape. Therefore, the mesh requirements are strict, and the mesh length of two single feet is less than the color body height. It is best to break one eye and not escape fish. And with the growth of fish body, mesh for corresponding adjustment to ensure good water exchange capacity. Daily management should pay special attention to whether the mesh is damaged, whether it is blocked, and find problems to be dealt with in time to avoid unnecessary losses.

2.2 Key Technology of Pond Culture

The sea area selection should conform to the growth and pond culture conditions of red sunfish. The bottom of the pool is flat, the bottom material is silt or sand mud bottom, the periphery of the pool is pollution-free, the water quality is clear, and the water inlet and drainage are convenient. Daily management should pay attention to flood control and flood fighting, flood drainage ditch should be kept unblocked, and special attention should be paid to gate escape prevention. Clean and disinfect the new pool; especially the old pool that has been@#@233@#@for many years, drain the water, clean it thoroughly after exposure, and soak it in water for 1m after cleaning with quicklime. Daily management should pay attention to breeding for a period of time, the pool water should be disinfected, hanging sterilization bags or using stable chlorine dioxide disinfectant to prevent diseases.

3 Feeding methods

Can breed alone or mix breed, want to notice breed density. At present, most farmers like mixed culture. The fish has strong activity, loose feed requirements and hunger tolerance. On the one hand, it can be used as a "cleaner" to improve feed utilization rate; on the other hand, the fish has strong activity and can increase oxygen.

4 Water temperature requirements are strict

Water temperature is an important factor for the growth of Pseudosciaenops rubrosus. According to the culture experience in recent years, salinity changes have little effect on the growth of Pseudosciaenops rubrosus, and temperature has a great relationship. According to production practice, below 18℃ has a great impact on Pseudosciaenops rubrosus. With the decrease of temperature, the food intake gradually decreases, and below 8℃, the food intake stops and dies. Therefore, the water temperature must be controlled above 10℃ during winter. When the average water temperature reaches 26 - 28℃ in high temperature period, the fish is active and grows quickly.

5 Sources of fish

The good purchase of seedlings, select uniform body shape, physical fitness, scale integrity, no injury, no disease seedlings. The seedlings come from Korea, and there are also seedlings in China, with specifications of 2 - 3cm.

6 Scientific management

6.1 stocking time

Choose in the neap tide, flat tide time, low temperature season sunny afternoon, high temperature season in the cool morning and evening, do not pour directly, should let it have an adaptation process.

6.2 Baits and feeding

Red is mainly carnivorous omnivorous fish. Feed is mainly fresh, frozen fish and shrimp, will be stirred into meat paste, according to the "slow-fast-slow" rhythm, to cast way feeding, feeding amount can be 8% of the fish weight to 10% cast.

7 Disease control

The fish disease resistance, disease less, but also can not be careless. Daily attention to prevention, scientific management; maintain good water quality, stocking density should be reasonable, pay attention to nutritional balance. Feed fresh high-quality feed, feed treatment clean, pollution-free, the best feed compound feed, enhance disease resistance. To prevent the introduction of pathogenic bacteria, seedlings should be quarantined and disinfected before entering the pool, fed appropriately, reduce residual bait, strengthen daily management, and prevent problems before they occur. At present, the main diseases found are: lymphocyst disease, which should be mainly prevented; vibriosis, streptococcosis and anaerobic disease, which should be treated with antibiotics.