Diseases caused by vitamin deficiency in fish
1. Lack of vb1 can lead to loss of balance and blackening of body color in fish.
2. Vb2 deficiency can lead to lens opacity and fin rot in fish. It has been reported that albinism of Japanese flounder is related to the content of vb2.
3. Deficiency of vb6 can lead to neurological symptoms such as spasm and abnormal swimming in fish. It can also cause bending of the spine. It is also reported that when the balance of vb6 and protein is disrupted, the disease resistance of fish decreases.
4. Vc, also known as ascorbic acid, when it is deficient, can cause spinal abnormalities and spinal curvature in fish. Vc is related to the biosynthesis of bone collagen and gonadal sterol hormones, so it plays an important role in the gonadal development, spawning and hatching rate of fish, as well as inhibiting the peroxide response of fat. It also helps to alleviate various stress states and improve disease resistance and immunity. Vc is related to the synthesis of several substances. Vc is involved in the cross-linking of crustacean protein and benzoquinone to form the hardened layer of the outermost layer of the crustacean, so black spot and black Gill disease will occur in shrimp without vc. If 0.1% vc is added to the feed in the prevention and treatment of black Gill disease of shrimp, the development of the disease can be prevented.
5. When va is deficient, the typical symptoms are eye bleeding, exophthalmos and abnormal operculum. However, when there is excess va, it can also lead to abnormal symptoms such as bones in the larvae and juveniles of Japanese flounder.
6. As far as vd is concerned, there is a lack of research at present because fish can absorb calcium directly from water through their gills. However, it is reported that some scholars raised the larvae and juveniles of fragrant fish with artificial microparticle feed lacking vd, and all kinds of deformed fish could be observed.
7. Ve is the main antioxidant in animals. When it is deficient, various deficiencies may occur, but the main symptoms are obvious and the back of the fish is thin. Pathologically, it is called "nutritional myopathy syndrome". This is because fish eat feed containing oxidized fat, which leads to oxidative fat poisoning and ve deficiency. In severe cases, spinal curvature can also occur. It has been found that ve is related to immune response and stress ability of fish. When the lack of ve in feed, the disease resistance of fish decreased significantly.
8. Nicotinic acid, also known as niacin, can lead to skin bleeding and increased mortality in fish when it is lacking in feed.
9. Pantothenic acid, also known as pantothenic acid, can lead to stick-like disease in the Gill slices of fish when it is deficient.
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Tortoise songs in December
Frozen water turned into ice in January. Lesser Cold and Greater Cold regularly checked to prevent enemy damage while sleeping, and the young turtles did not relax in special care. When the Beginning of Spring and Rain Water came in February, the chilling ice was first opened in spring, and the turtle pond was protected against cold and heat preservation, and the work was arranged early for one year. The spring light of the Spring Equinox is beautiful, the tortoise dream awakens the rain and Fei Fei, raises worms to prepare bait, and the turtle swims in new water in March. In April, Grain Rain again during the Qingming Festival, added bait and re-management, four will be put into feeding science, and there will be a good period of reproductive growth. The Beginning of Summer meets Lesser Fullness of Grain in May, clean water quality should not be slow, turtle disease should be prevented as early as possible in one year, and disinfection should be given.
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New techniques for artificial control of field snails in natural ponds
Field snail is not only a favorite fitness food, but also a bait for raising carnivorous fish. Due to overfishing, natural resources are decreasing day by day, and the prospect of developing field snail culture is promising. In recent years, our town has made great efforts to promote artificial imitation of natural ponds to raise field snails, that is, to create a good ecological environment in the ponds, to plant a small amount of water plants for field snails to perch and to avoid summer heat, and to place some branches and stones for field snails to live in different water layers. if possible, an aerator can be installed in the pond. Field snails live in such a living environment, the average output of 667 square meters can reach 800 kg ~ 1000 000.
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