Introduction of Guilu No. 1, an excellent national tea variety with independent brand intellectual property rights in Guangxi

Tea is an important cash crop in China, especially one of the pillar industries for poverty alleviation in Guangxi mountainous areas. With the rise of organic tea (green food) production, some varieties with disease and insect resistance and strong adaptability have been paid attention to, and the varieties determine the characteristics of tea germination period, adaptability, quality characteristics and resistance; to develop tea production, tea products are listed early, with characteristics, excellent quality and excellent price, so they have the conditions to seize the market. Therefore, to strengthen and enlarge Guangxi tea industry, we must start from the "source"-using excellent varieties. As Mai Chujun, deputy inspector of the Agriculture Department of the Autonomous Region, pointed out on August 8, 2007 at the "Guangxi Independent Brand Intellectual Property Tea Tree Variety Promotion Forum" held in Natian Villa, Wuming, Guangxi, variety upgrading is a major problem facing Guangxi tea people.

Guilu No. 1 tea variety was bred by Guangxi Guilin Tea Science Institute from Zhejiang Huangye sexual line population by systematic breeding method from 1983 to August 2003, which was rated as a new national green tea variety. Now in Guangxi Leye, Pingnan, Wuming, Guiping, Luzhai and other tea areas to promote planting has exceeded 1000 mu. In this "Guangxi independent brand intellectual property rights tea tree seed promotion forum","Gui Lu No. 1" as Guangxi's own breeding, so far is the only Guangxi tea history through the identification of state-level tea varieties, with its superiority in Guangxi tea areas, was recognized by the experts.

First, early listing, early income. Tea tree is the earliest crop in the year, but there are great differences between early and late varieties. Agricultural proverb cloud: "tea is a fresh grass, early harvest three days is treasure, late harvest three days is grass", meaning that the earlier the harvest, the higher the value. "Guilv No. 1" germinated very early and could be mined and marketed before Lantern Festival in Guilin area, and earlier in central and southern Guangxi. Among the excellent tea varieties at present in China, it is the earliest variety in mining period. The price of the produced early spring famous green tea is 1~2 times higher than that of the middle and late varieties of green tea of the same grade. For example, Wuming Natian Tea Farm has planted 120 mu of Gui Lu No.1. The output value of spring tea for only more than one month reaches more than 400,000 yuan. It is obvious that the early-growing characteristics of varieties have obvious commercial and economic advantages.

Second, high output and more income. Driven by the market economy, producers pay great attention to the yield traits of varieties. Even if they invest in high-quality varieties, the income of high-yield varieties can increase several times. Guilu No. 1 has strong adaptability, easy to plant, rapid garden formation, put into production in the second year and high yield in the third year. In the second round of tea variety regional test from 1996 to 2001, the yield of this variety is 104.4% higher than that of Fuding Dabai tea (national improved variety), ranking first in yield. In Guilin Tea Science Institute's "Gui Lu No.1" tea garden, tea-picking migrant workers even moved small stools to the tea garden and sat picking tea. According to the data of "Guilu No. 1" growers, the yield is 10~20% higher than that of "Fuyun No. 6" and "Fuding Dahao" is twice as high as that of Guangxi tea. For example, Luzhai Daleling Tea Factory picks fresh leaves of Guilu No. 1 (one bud and one leaf), and the price of fresh leaves alone reaches 80 yuan/kg, which has achieved good economic benefits.

Third, excellent products and high income. The quality of tea commodities is crucial. Among the factors affecting quality, variety is the most fundamental. Without improved varieties as the basis, even if there are the most superior cultivation measures, the most exquisite processing technology, it is difficult to produce excellent commercial tea. For example, the green of Maofeng tea, the quiet of Longjing tea, the freshness of black tea, and the fragrance of Oolong tea are determined by the variety. The green tea made with "Gui Lu No. 1" has high aroma and fresh taste. Its quality and price are higher than those of "Fu Yun No. 6".

Fourth, it is widely adaptable and flexible to meet market demand. Guilu No. 1 bud leaves internode short, suitable for making all kinds of high-quality tea. The amino acid content of spring tea is high, which is 3.9%, so the quality of green tea is excellent. The green tea made by Guilin Tea Branch has participated in the evaluation of famous tea in Guangxi and even the whole country, and has won many awards. In summer, the tea polyphenol content of this variety reaches 39.5%, suitable for black tea, black tea, Liubao tea, Pu 'er tea and oolong tea. From May to July, the buds of Guilu No. 1 showed purplish red due to the increase of temperature. "Tea classics" said: "purple, green," the ancients also pay attention to the color of "purple for your color", from the tender bud leaves of tea picking purple tea leaves formed after processing finished or semi-finished products called purple bud, ancient tribute, very precious. Modern research shows that purple bud tea is rich in anthocyanins, which is very beneficial to the human body. Anthocyanins are water-soluble plant pigments, belonging to flavonoids. In foreign countries, anthocyanins are often used in health care products, with weight loss, anti-aging, anti-radiation health care functions, so it is a good health drink for the computer family. For example, Daleling Tea Factory uses "Gui Green No. 1" summer fresh leaf black tea, which has special apple fragrance, taste and alcohol, and the product is in short supply.

In addition, the variety "Guilu 1" has strong adaptability, strong cold resistance and drought resistance. The survival rate of experimental planting in Hunan and Guizhou reaches 100%. It is suitable for planting in central China, south China, southwest China and tea areas with winter temperature of-9℃. With excellent varieties, but also have strong seedlings,"Gui Lu No. 1" cutting propagation survival rate is high, semi-lignification green branch short spike long branch cutting technology, nursery speed is fast, 4~6 months can be out of the nursery, compared with the existing equivalent technology shortened seedling period of more than 6 months, survival rate of more than 98%, nursery rate of more than 90%.

As with any crop, improved seed is relative, and it also has comparative advantage. A good seed cannot be perfect. At present, the most important indexes in selecting improved varieties are high quality and early birth. "Gui Lu No. 1" as Guangxi's own brand of state-level tea varieties, after more than 20 years of selection and promotion of scientific and technological personnel of Guilin Tea Science Institute, is very suitable for Guangxi's own conditions, as the symposium Mai Chujun deputy inspector and Bai advanced chief agronomist pointed out, Guangxi tea to do strong and big, must have their own things, to have their own selling points, the task of the tea research department is to introduce good varieties, select suitable varieties to enterprises, to tea farmers recommended. We Guangxi early spring green tea is an advantage,"Gui green No. 1" tea tree varieties can play this advantage well, it can be said: "green tea fragrance everywhere, the world I first."