A brief introduction to the excellent varieties of Clonal Tea (1)

The application and promotion of fine tea varieties in tea production is one of the most effective ways to achieve high quality, high yield and high benefit. In particular, the improved varieties of clonal tea trees not only have excellent characters such as strong stress resistance, excellent quality and high yield, but also have stable characters, neat germination and obvious rotation, which is beneficial to popularizing mechanized picking and regulating flood peak. Most of the more than 100,000 mu of tea gardens in our city are Huzhou native species and Jiukeng species developed before the 1980s. The varieties of these tea gardens are mixed, and a large part of them are aging tea gardens and low-and medium-yield tea gardens, which need to be replanted and changed to adjust the variety structure of tea gardens. In order to improve the quality of the tea garden and the economic benefit of the tea production, the leaders of the tea area and the tea farmers should attach great importance to the application and promotion of excellent tea varieties in the future, regardless of the development of the new tea garden or the transformation of the old tea garden. gradually realize the improved varieties of tea Lei Feng and the sterility of improved tea varieties. This is also an important basic project to realize the modernization of the tea industry in our city. The following will recommend to tea farmers a number of clone tea varieties suitable for planting in our city by stages: first, Yingshuang is a national tea tree. It is a new clonal tea variety selected by Hangzhou Tea Research Institute from the natural hybrid offspring of Fuding Dabai tea and Yunnan big leaf species. It belongs to small tree type, middle leaf type and early bud species. The tree posture is erect, the branch position is high, the plant is tall and large, the density of branches and germination is medium, the growth momentum is exuberant, there are many germination rounds, the germination ability is very strong, the growth period is long, the spring tea germinates early, and the dormancy in autumn and winter is late. Spring germination can be five to seven days earlier than the local varieties. The growth of buds and leaves in autumn can continue to "Frosts Descent", hence the name "Ying Frost". The bud leaves are stout and the yield is high. The narrow-border double-strip technique was adopted in the introduced experimental tea garden in our city. The dry tea yield per mu of Wuzuling reached 461kg, and the cumulative yield per mu in the first 5 years was 1151 kg. The leaf color is common green, the leaf quality is soft, the pilose hair is many, the tenderness is very strong, the quality is excellent. Processed green tea, tight knot, green color, high and lasting fragrance, slightly floral fragrance, strong and fresh taste, bright leaf bottom and soup color. It is especially suitable for making famous green tea. The quality of processed black tea is also good. It is suitable for asexual reproduction, the heading rate of maternal tea tree is high, and the survival rate and emergence rate of short-spike cuttage seedlings are high. Only the resistance is slightly weaker. It is easy to defoliate due to severe freezing injury in winter, early spring buds are easy to be scorched by severe late frost, and bud wilting is easy to occur in summer and autumn when it is especially hot and dry. Main points of cultivation. When planting, it is necessary to plant closely and lower the height of stereotyped pruning. In the alpine area where the tuyere is blocked, the introduction should be cautious, strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, and appropriately increase the application of summer and autumn fertilizer. Timely control of diseases and insect pests, especially mildew and bud blight. This variety is suitable for planting in hills, gentle slopes and mountainous areas with good microclimatic conditions in our city. Second, Longjing 43: Longjing 43 is a national tea tree. It is a new clonal tea variety selected by Tea Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences from Longjing population in Hangzhou. Belongs to the shrub type, the middle leaf class, the extra early bud species. The plant is of medium size, the tree posture is half-open, the branches are dense, the leaves are green and the germination density is high. Neat sprouting, strong sprouting ability and good yield. The yield of dry tea per mu of Wuzu tea garden is as high as 489kg in our city, and the cumulative yield of dry tea per mu in the first five years is 1088 kg. Medium bud type, short and strong bud leaves, few hairs, suitable for making green tea, especially for Longjing, flag gun and other flat-shaped famous tea. The appearance is flat and handsome, fragrant and long-lasting, the taste is mellow and refreshing, the bottom of the leaf and the soup are green and bright. It has strong adaptability and good cold resistance, and the survival rate of cutting and transplanting is very high. But the new tip is short, the tenderness is poor, and it is easy to age. The drought resistance is slightly poor, and it is easy to be infected with red leaf spot. Key points of cultivation: when cultivating, it is appropriate to choose the soil with deep soil layer and rich organic matter. And deep ploughing, should be picked in batches and in time. Conditional tea gardens should spread grass between rows in summer, or draw water to fight drought.