Seedling raising techniques of short-spike cuttings of tea trees in summer and autumn

1. Nursery production

1. Choose a place. It is required that the yellow soil without tobacco, hemp and vegetables can also be selected as sandy soil or red soil; the soil pH value is 4.5 to 5.5 and the content of organic matter in the soil layer of 015 cm is less than 1.5%; it is required to be watered conveniently and close to the bottom of the water source.

two。 Prepare the ground. First plough the soil 25cm to 30cm, and then refine the soil 20cm on the surface several times to ensure that the soil is broken and flat.

3. Make a bed. The border is east-west in summer and east-west in autumn. The width of the border is 1.2 meters, the height is 8 cm, the width of the furrow is 30 cm, and the length of each border is 15 cm 20 m. When the bed is finished, the topmost layer of the bed is covered with new loess, with a thickness of 8 cm to 10 cm and a fine rake with a hoe.

4. Build a shed. Wooden piles are planted on both sides of the border with a distance of 7.4 m ~ 1.7 m and a height of 45 cm to 60 cm from the border surface. Put the pile up horizontally with a thin stick to make it easy to put corn stalks on top for shade. If branches are used as shading materials, the height of the scaffolding will be changed to 40cm and 45cm, and the pile spacing will remain the same.

Second, cuttage

1. Ready to insert. (1) requirements: length 33 cm, stem diameter more than 0.3 cm, reddish brown or semi-reddish brown, Lignification or semi-Lignification, leaves showing mature leaf shape, axillary buds germinating to 1 bud and 1 leaf spreading, no serious diseases and insect pests. (2) pruning: start pruning after selecting cuttings on the tea tree. The oblique mouth of the pruning is 45 °oblique, which is in the same direction as the leaf. The upper shearing mouth is 0.2-0.3 cm from the nearest bud base. The cut branch has a leaf and a growth bud, with a length of 2.7 cm and 3.3 cm.

two。 The insert is buried in the ground. Soak the nursery with water 2 hours before insertion, then insert the cuttings into the soil at an angle of 45 °, with a row spacing of 8 cm and a plant spacing of 1.4 cm and 7.6 cm, with a suitable depth to the base of the petiole. Press it by hand after each row, fill the press ditch with loose loess after 1 row, water and cover with corn straw or branches after 2-3 rows.

III. Peacetime management of nursery

1. Shade. The first stage is from the soil to the primary root, the shading is 80% 45%; the primary root to 1 bud and 3 leaves is the second stage, and the shading is 75% 40% from 1 bud 3 leaves to the second round tea seedling growing up to 1 bud and 2 leaves is the third stage, shading is 50% 75%. After more than 85% of the second round tea seedlings have 1 bud and 2 leaves, remove the shade on a cloudy day.

two。 Water it. Careful watering combined with weather conditions to maintain soil relative water content of 80% (stage 1) and 75% / 80% (stage 2 and 3).

3. Top dressing. After the first round of tea seedling growth stopped, topdressing was started. Every 10 to 15 days, 4.5 kg of urea was evenly sprinkled in the nursery every 667 square meters, and watered repeatedly until the urea completely dissolved into the soil and stopped watering.

IV. Seedling colonization

For the summer and autumn tea seedlings cut from late May to mid-August, the emergence time is from February to mid-March of the following year. Water must be watered thoroughly before seedling emergence, so that there is less damage to roots and leaves and more soil, so as to improve the survival rate of colonization. If it cannot be planted in time for several days, 60% to 70% mud water can be used in the container, and the root of the tea seedling can be put into the mud to moisturize.