Notoginseng (sanchi)

A variety of ginseng genus of Araliaceae, scientific name PanaxpseudoginsengWall.var.notoginseng (Burkill) HooetTseng, perennial herb. Alias Tianqi, Panax notoginseng, mountain lacquer, gold and so on. The root and rhizome are used for medicinal purposes, which are Chinese specialties. Mainly produced in Wenshan Prefecture of Yunnan Province and Baise area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region.

The plant height is 20-60cm. The main root is inverted conical or short conical. The palmately compound leaf whorl is born at the end of the stem, the annual plant has 1 compound leaf, the biennial plant has 1-3, the 3-year-old has 3-7, the compound leaf has 5-7 leaflets, with round or Obovate, the margin is densely serrated. It blossoms in autumn after two years of planting. Umbels born in leaf clusters at the top of the stem, flowers bisexual, yellowish green. The ripening period is from November to December. Mature berries red, reniform or triangular, containing 1-3 globose seeds.

Like warm and shady and wet environment, afraid of cold and heat, but also afraid of water. The soil is loose red soil or brown red soil, slightly acidic, and the annual average temperature is 16.0-19.3 ℃. During the growth period, if the temperature lasts for 3-5 days and is above 30 ℃, the plant is prone to disease. The east slope is suitable for cultivation, and the slope is 5 °- 15 °. Planting in low-lying land is prone to root rot.

Before planting, it is built into a flat-top shade shed with a height of 1.5-1.7m, commonly known as "canopy". The shade shed area of each Panax notoginseng garden is 2-3 mu, with a fence around the shed. The light is weak and the temperature is low in early spring, and the transmittance of the ceiling is 60-70%. The temperature rises in early April, and the transmittance is 50%. Sowing from November to December, sowing single seeds on demand according to row spacing of 5-6cm. After sowing, the cover soil is about 1.5cm thick. After covering the soil, cover the border with grass, sowing 1.4 million-1.5 million seeds per hectare. The seedlings were graded according to size, the row spacing was 15-18cm, and the bud heads were planted diagonally, 225000-300000 plants per hectare. The soil after planting was about 3cm thick, and the border was covered with grass. Using barnyard manure and plant ash as base fertilizer, mix phosphate cake fertilizer in the soil before sowing or transplanting, topdressing 2-3 times a year. Diseases and insect pests include root rot Fusariumscirpi, rust Uredopanacis, powdery mildew Oidiumspp., anthracnose Colletotrichumpanacicola, blight Rhizoctoniasolani, short beard mite Brevipalpusspp., slug Agriolimaxspp. In addition, there are black spot, aphids, inchworm, powder shell insects and so on.

It is generally harvested four years after planting, yielding 900-1500kg of dry goods per hectare.

Bitter taste, slightly bitter, warm nature. It has the function of relieving blood stasis, reducing swelling and relieving pain. It mainly treats hemoptysis, hematemesis, hematemesis, bleeding from trauma, swelling and pain caused by fall, etc. Folk can be used as blood tonifying and strengthening drugs, and it can increase coronary blood flow and slow down heart rate, which can be used to prevent and treat coronary heart disease.