How to develop pollution-free cultivation of Lily

The selection of pollution-free areas for planting requires a good ecological environment, with no industrial "three wastes" and agricultural, urban life and medical waste pollution within 3 kilometers, avoiding the main roads (more than 100m), irrigation water, atmosphere and soil are pollution-free, reaching the national air environment quality standards (GB3095~1996) and irrigation water quality standards (CB5084~92). At the same time, in order to reduce the use of pesticides, lily, garlic, leek and other lily crops have not been planted in recent 3 to 5 years, and paddy fields (interval more than 3 years) or dry soil (interval more than 5 years) are required to have medium or above soil fertility, high organic matter content and loose and aerated soil.

Select excellent varieties such as Longya lily, Yixing lily and so on. Longya lily, bulb white, oblate, tightly clasped, each mother stem is composed of 2-4 bulbs, which can be made into 2-4 bulbs respectively. The scales are 8cm long and more than 2cm wide. The scales are thick in the lower part, curved in the upper part, shaped like dragon claws and ivory in color. The average yield per mu is 1000kg to 1500kg. As a seed stem, the seed ball is required to be robust, free from insect damage, disease spot, root rot, 1.5-2.0 cm in diameter and 3-4 kg in weight.

Lily disease is easy to occur in narrow box and deep gully soil preparation, and the disease is closely related to soil moisture and air relative humidity. Narrow box and deep trench drainage can significantly reduce the occurrence of diseases, so it is beneficial to reduce the use of pesticides. After the harvest of the previous crop of dry land, turn the land and sunburn, carefully plough before sowing, and prepare the soil at the right time. After the late rice harvest in the rice field, we should seize the time to prepare the land. According to the width of the box is 2 meters (including trench), the width of the trench is 30 cm, the depth of the ditch is 20 cm 25 cm, and the width of the box is 1.7 m. Open the main ditch and perimeter ditch at the same time. Combined with 15002000 kg of rotten pig manure per mu (or 2000-2500kg of soil fertilizer), 1520kg of calcium superphosphate and 8kg of potassium sulfate were turned into the soil. Fine soil preparation to make the soil loose and fine.

Sowing dry soil and medium rice fields at the right time should be earlier and sowing in mid-late September, while late rice fields are generally sown in late October because of the late harvest. It is disadvantageous to sow too early or too late. Sowing too early, in case of high temperature and drought weather, it is easy to rot; sowing too late, the temperature is low, it is not conducive to lily bulbs to take root on the ground. The seed consumption per mu is 300 to 400 kg, and the seed is sown according to the row spacing of 23 cm × 27 cm while the soil is wet. First open the planting ditch according to the row spacing, the ditch depth is 9 cm, and spread 45% compound fertilizer 45 kg per mu in the ditch. After mixing the soil and fertilizer, plant the seeds according to the plant spacing in the ditch, and cover the soil with a thickness of rice. Covered with straw or leaves, such as straw.

Burn the mulch before emergence for pollution-free control of diseases and insect pests to kill the overwintering eggs. After emergence, attention should be paid to root irrigation with 50% phoxim 500 times solution to control underground pests, and 50% carbendazim 800 times solution to control blight, and so on. In rainy days, attention should be paid to dredging drains to reduce the occurrence of root rot. When the plant is 20-30 cm high, 45% compound fertilizer is used for 20 kg per mu, and the rarefied fertilizer solution is applied, combined with mid-ploughing and soil cultivation. The planting row will be 6-8 cm high so that the bulb develops in the soil layer at a depth of 14-17 cm. At the same time, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.01% borax mixture were sprayed on the leaves. Remove the buds at the bud stage and top them in time. Frequently use Bordeaux liquid to control blight, leaf blight and so on.

Do not use sulfur fumigation when the aboveground parts of lilies are withered and yellow in autumn, choose sunny days to dig. In the process of digging, transportation, collection and processing, we should pay attention to avoid light, especially to avoid outdoor direct light, so as to prevent oxidative browning. Hot tablet processing in time after harvest, the main purpose of hot film is to kill biological enzymes and prevent enzymatic reaction discoloration, so as soon as possible. Peel the slices according to the third grade and rinse them with water, then blanch the slices in boiling water step by step. According to the color change of white, yellow and white, when 60% of the film changes from yellow to white, it will be out of the pot and dried in time. This can make the film white without fumigation.