High-yield cultivation techniques of garlic covered with plastic Film

The yield increasing effect of garlic plastic film mulching is very obvious. Compared with open field cultivation, the roots, stems and leaves of garlic covered with plastic film were significantly better than open field garlic, the yield of garlic bolting was 35% higher than that of open field cultivation, and the yield of dried garlic was 30% higher than that of open field cultivation. The main cultivation techniques are as follows:

The main results are as follows: 1. the most suitable time for sowing garlic is to make the plant grow to 5-6 leaves before overwintering, when the plant has the strongest cold resistance, will not be frozen to death in the cold winter, and lays a good foundation for the plant to pass through vernalization smoothly. The suitable sowing time of plastic film garlic, from Beijing to Handan, is about between "the Autumn Equinox" and "Cold Dew", that is, from the end of September to early October.

2. In order to ensure the quality of garlic seeds, the selected varieties should choose the standard garlic seeds with large and round head, flat and non-deformed bottom, large and dense flap, thick skin and good storage and transportation. Generally choose Cangshan garlic and use Cangshan Pugu garlic in Yongnian County, which is mainly used to produce garlic bolts.

3. Applying sufficient base fertilizer to garlic is a fertilizer-loving crop, which needs more fertilizer and is tolerant to fertilizer. The fertilization principle of planting garlic is based on base fertilizer and supplemented by topdressing. The proportion of base fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer should be reasonable. Plastic film garlic generally uses 5000 kg of high-quality farm manure, 100kg of ammonium bicarbonate and 100kg of calcium superphosphate as base fertilizer. Ploughing, turning and raking to make a bed, 166 cm wide.

4. The seed treatment test showed that 100 kg garlic seeds were soaked in 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution for 6 hours, and then sowed with 500 grams of 50% carbendazim powder, which could not only produce seedlings and prevent diseases, but also mature earlier and increase yield. The effect of controlling Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is very good with 150 grams of 50% Sukeling plus 2 kilograms of water and 200 kilograms of seeds evenly.

5. Sowing in the border according to 20 cm row spacing to open 8 ditches, ditch depth 3-4 cm, artificial planting in the ditch, garlic cloves vertically implanted into the soil. 45000 ~ 50000 plants per mu (plant distance 6cm / mu) and 25000 ~ 30000 plants / mu (plant distance 10cm / mu), then cover the soil flat, and the thickness of the soil above the garlic sprouts is about 0.51cm.

6. Watering and mulching garlic should be watered and covered with plastic film according to air temperature and moisture after sowing. If the daily average temperature is above 20 ℃ and the weather is dry, don't be busy watering and mulching after sowing, and then watering and mulching when the daily average temperature drops to about 17 ℃. If the temperature is suitable, no matter whether the soil moisture is good or bad, it should be watered, sprayed with herbicides and covered with film after sowing. If the temperature is on the high side and the soil moisture is better, 2-3 days after sowing, wait for the petal to fix the root, and then water and cover the film.

7. once the phenomenon of budding and arching film of garlic is found, the manpower should be concentrated in time to release the seedlings. Water the seedlings again after finishing the seedlings. In early December, according to the weather conditions, pour the frozen water at the right time.

8. Strengthen the management of garlic covered with plastic film can survive the winter safely, and enter the green period soon after the temperature rises. Generally, from the end of February to the beginning of March in the coming year, the green water will be poured, and 25 kg of urea per mu will be applied with the water. If garlic maggots are found, 50% phoxim can be applied per mu, and the control effect is very good. In early April, garlic entered the flower bud differentiation stage. In order to promote its growth, garlic must be fertilized and watered. 20 kg of ammonium bicarbonate or 25 kg of urea are applied with water per mu. Garlic bolts are harvested in early May and garlic enters the expansion period. Garlic expansion water should be poured in time, and human feces, urine or chemical fertilizer can be applied. If there is premature senescence of garlic seedlings, foliar fertilization can be carried out, using 500 × 700 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 2% urea spray. Timely harvest, drying and storage from late May to early June.