Dongping County: production technology of grade a green food garlic

Green food refers to safe, high-quality and nutritious food that follows the principle of sustainable development, according to a specific mode of production and recognized by special agencies and licensed to use green labels without pollution.

Grade A green food refers to the environmental quality of the place of production in line with the requirements of NY/T391-2000, the production process in strict accordance with the guidelines for the use of green food means of production and production procedures, limited use of limited chemical synthetic means of production, product quality in line with green food standards, approved by special agencies, the use of A-grade green food logo products.

The environmental conditions of producing area, variety selection, yield index, cultivation techniques, pest control and the use of pesticides and fertilizers for grade A green food garlic:

GB8079-1987 vegetable seed

GB8172-1987 Agricultural Control Standard for Urban garbage

Environmental technical requirements of NY/T391-2000 green food producing area

NY/T393-2000 guidelines for the use of pesticides in Green Food

NY/T394-2000 guidelines for the use of green food fertilizers

I. the environment of origin

1. Choose the land with fresh air and no pollution from industrial factories and mines under the site conditions. The environment of producing area meets the environmental quality standard of green food producing area (NY/T391-2000).

2. Under the soil condition, sandy loam or loam or Shajiang black soil which is rich in organic matter, good permeability, good water retention and drainage should be selected, which requires high and flat topography, low groundwater level and a suitable PH value of 6. For example, Shajiang black soil in the east of Cangshan County is an ideal soil for garlic cultivation.

Second, the varieties with disease resistance, high yield, high quality, good marketability, disease and insect resistance and strong stress resistance are selected, the seed quality is in line with the national standards, and transgenic varieties are refused. Such as Cangshan rough garlic, pu tree, high foot, and so on.

Garlic species should be selected strictly before sowing, and garlic with large head, large petal, uniform petal and representative garlic should be selected before sowing. Those with moldy, moth-eaten and retting roots should be removed, and then broken and graded. Generally divided into three grades: big, medium and small, first sow first-class seeds (about 500g), then sow secondary seeds (about 400g). In principle, they do not sow third-grade seeds.

Third, applying sufficient basic fertilizer to make garlic need more fertilizer, and master the fertilization principle of organic matter fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, base fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer. Before ploughing and ploughing the land, 4-5 square meters of rotten organic fertilizer were applied per 667m2, and the beds were made after leveling and raking fine soil (the diameter of the soil should be less than 3cm). After leveling the border surface, the quick-acting chemical fertilizer was applied, and the application rate was determined according to the soil fertility. The medium fertility soil can apply compound fertilizer (15-15-15) 70kg, bio-organic fertilizer 40kg (concentrated application), urea 15kg per 667m2, as well as boron, zinc, sulfur and other medium and trace element fertilizers. After fertilization, fine ploughing and fine raking were carried out to make beds. The surface of the border must be leveled, otherwise the plastic film will be difficult to cover and the garlic seedlings will be difficult to get out. The width of the border is 1.80m, the width of the furrow between the border is 20cm, and the depth is 10cm.

Fourth, sowing plastic film garlic should not be sown too early. The suitable germination temperature of garlic is 15-20 ℃. If sowing too early, garlic emergence is slow, easy to cause rotten cloves. The sowing date is from September 20 to October 15. The suitable sowing density is 3-35000 plants per mu, that is, row spacing 20cm, plant spacing 8-10cm. Plastic film garlic should not be planted too deep, in order to facilitate the expansion of garlic. Planting depth is 2. 5-3.0cm, then cover the soil with plastic film, when covering the plastic film, the plastic film should be leveled and tightened, and both sides should be compacted with soil to make the plastic film close to the ground to facilitate the emergence of garlic.

V. Field management

1. 7 days after sowing, the buds began to be unearthed. Before the leaves are released from the sprouts, gently tap the plastic film with a broom, and the garlic sprouts can reveal the plastic film. The ground is flat, the sowing quality is high, and the plastic film is tight. by slapping, 70% of the garlic buds can pass through the plastic film, a small number of young buds can not be ejected from the plastic film, and a small iron hook can be used to break the plastic film in time, otherwise it will seriously affect the growth of the seedlings. it's also easy to cause plastic film rupture.

2. Before winter and after seedling emergence, according to soil moisture and seedling emergence uniformity, we can pour a little water to benefit the whole seedling and lay a good foundation for overwintering. Loam or light clay loam can be watered before plastic film mulching, and clayey soil can be watered or not watered after plastic film mulching. If garlic maggots (seed flies) are found, phoxim and avermectin should be used to irrigate the roots in time. And according to soil moisture, can be in the first and middle of November overwintering water, must be watered thoroughly, overwintering water must not be irrigated when freezing. During the overwintering period, special attention should be paid to protecting the plastic film from being blown by the wind, and if found, it should be pressed in time.

3. The rejuvenation period is managed in Cangshan garlic district. In the middle of February of the following year, that is, before "the Waking of Insects", the temperature rises and the garlic seedlings turn green and grow. Plant cold-resistant agents can be sprayed once before and after turning green to prevent the damage of spring cold to garlic. After the Spring Equinox, garlic is in the "rotten mother stage", this period is easy to occur garlic maggots, pay attention to strengthen prevention and control.