Disease control of tortoise

Mumps

Etiology: the pathogen is Aeromonas punctata subspecies. The main reason is water pollution.

Symptoms: sick turtles, slow to move, often raise their neck in water or land, their neck is abnormally swollen, and their hind limbs are bulging. There is gas under the skin, the limbs are swollen; in severe cases, the mouth and nose bleed.

Prevention and treatment: streptomycin sulfate is injected, 100000-120000 units per kilogram of body weight. Once a year. Daily use 30 mg / L furazolidone solution for 40-50 minutes every 2-3 months. The treatment was intramuscular injection of streptomycin sulfate. Inject 200000 units per kilogram of body weight. They were injected continuously for 3 days. Mild cases can be soaked in oxytetracycline solution (3 tablets of oxytetracycline in every 10 kg of water) for 30 minutes.

Rotten nail disease

Cause: after the carapace is worn, the bacteria invade and cause the carapace to fester.

Symptoms: the surface of the carapace fester, severe cases form caves or see muscles, hunger strike or eat less.

Prevention and treatment: remove the focus of the diseased turtle, scrub the affected area with hydrogen peroxide, and then smear it directly with potassium permanganate crystal powder.

Nutritional skeletal disease

Cause: due to long-term feeding of single feed and cooked food, the vitamin content in the diet is insufficient, resulting in lack of vitamin d in the turtle body, and inverted ratio of calcium and phosphorus or lack of calcium, which can cause osteomalacia of turtles. In this case, fast-growing young turtles and young turtles are common.

Symptoms: it is difficult for the sick turtle to move, the bones and joints of the limbs are thick, the back nail and abdominal nail are soft, and the fingers and claws of the serious ones fall off.

Prevention and treatment: add appropriate amount of shrimp shell powder, shell powder, calcium tablets, vitamin mouth and multivitamins to the diet. Expose turtles to natural light as much as possible, or use ultraviolet fluorescent lamps. In severe cases, 10% calcium gluconate (1 ml / kg) is injected intramuscularly.

Papillary tumor

Etiology: a papillary tumor is a benign tumor formed by fibrous connective tissue derived from the dermis covered with epithelium. After the tortoise's body surface is damaged, tumors can grow in the process of recovery.

Symptoms: the appearance of the tumor is cauliflower of different sizes, protruding from the surface of the skin. At first, the tumor is smooth and round, and then the surface becomes rough and as hard as horny. Most of the tumors occurred in the limbs, neck and so on.

Prevention and treatment: surgical resection can be used. The time of resection should be in summer. First disinfect the surface of the tumor, remove the tumor, rub the antibiotic powder and bandage it. Change the medicine once every 2 days.

Fibroma

Etiology: fibroma is a localized benign tumor produced by fibrous connective tissue. It's caused by a virus.

Symptoms: the tumor is a hard protuberance, and the tumor is round or oval in size. When the tumor is located on the body surface, the diseased tortoise does not have dysfunction.

Prevention and treatment: fibroma should be removed early. If the resection is not complete, it is easy to relapse, and some tumors turn malignant into fibrosarcoma and are easy to metastasize to the internal organs.

Trauma

Etiology: in the process of capture and feeding, the carapace, skin, limbs, mouth and other parts of the tortoise were bruised, injured and crushed.

Symptoms: local redness and swelling, tissue necrosis, pus.

Prevention and treatment: for fresh wounds, stop bleeding, oppress with gauze, apply Yunnan Baiyao in serious cases, then clean the wound, then scrub with disinfectant (93% hydrogen peroxide, 0.5% potassium permanganate) to prevent infection, and large wounds should be sutured and bandaged. The trauma of Chen, sun, and suppuration. First enlarge the wound, remove the pus and necrotic material in the wound, and make the wound form a fresh wound. And then according to the treatment of fresh wounds.

Turtle drowning

The cause of the disease: semi-aquatic turtles spend a long time in the pool where the water level is too deep, so they can only float on the water surface and stretch their necks to breathe. After a long time, the turtles lose their strength and choke; sometimes they change water and suddenly increase the water level. large fluctuations in the water surface can also lead to turtle drowning.

Symptoms: the turtle's neck is swollen and its limbs are weak. After dissection, the lungs were filled with water, and there was more water in the abdominal cavity.

Prevention and treatment: after diseased turtles are found, the head of the turtle is turned down, there is water flowing out of the nostrils, and the four-limb fossa of the tortoise is pressed with fingers to squeeze regularly. Slightly drowning turtles are placed in a ventilated place to slowly recover.

Stomatitis

Cause: oral epidermis damage or ulcer caused by accidental ingestion of sharp foreign body or lack of vitamin c.

Symptoms: oral ulcers, white necrotic inflammation in the epidermis, purulent secretions in severe cases, and turtles stop eating.

Prevention and treatment: use disinfectant cotton to wind tweezers, remove pus, save Rivernol solution to scrub the mouth. Spray the affected area with watermelon cream once a day. Antibiotics were mixed into the bait and fed continuously for 3 days.