Feeding and management of Yorkshire sows during high yield period

1. The age structure of sows should be reasonable. According to the investigation and statistics of 10 births and 150 litters in a certain pig farm in Jining, the production performance of sows varies with age (parity).

Yorkshire sow is an excellent breed with stable genetic characters, long high yield period, strong fecundity and long-lasting high and stable yield. According to the investigation of 1mi 10 litters and 150 litters in a certain pig farm in Jining, the average live litter size of adult sows (4mi 7 litters) was 12.4, which was 1.6 more than that of young sows (1mi 3 litters) and 1.09 more than that of old sows (8mi 10 litters). The average weight of 20-day-old sows was 0.37 kg and 0.44 kg higher than that of young and old sows, and that of 60-day-old sows was 1.24 kg and 1.84 kg higher than that of young and old sows, respectively.

Therefore, in the age structure of sows, the more adult sows, the more offspring, the higher the economic benefit. Large-scale pig farms should raise as many sows as possible, replenish young pigs in time, and eliminate old sows. The suitable structure proportion of pure pig farm is "three." The "three systems" is more reasonable, that is, one young sow will be supplemented every year, and one elderly sow will be eliminated. Eliminate low-yielding, physically defective and addicted sows at any time.

2. To improve the selection intensity and population quality of breeding pigs through strict breeding plans, breeding and selection methods, breeding and making full use of excellent middle-aged individuals to mate with each other to produce more excellent offspring, so that the overall quality of pigs can be continuously improved. gradually narrow individual differences.

According to the investigation, in addition to the better breed, individual quality and feeding conditions, one of the most important factors for the high production performance of 1Mel 3-parturient sows in a certain pig farm in Jining is the proper "late marriage" of parturient sows. Generally master 2Mel 3 estrus, 8-11 months old, weight 90MUR 100kg, choose adult boar for the first time. Repeat breeding is carried out, usually 3 times. Therefore, the differences in birth weight, 20-day-old and 60-day-old body weight of piglets were small, the uniformity was better, and the growth and development of piglets were consistent. Compared with other breeds of sows, one fetus can enter the high parturition period in advance.

At present, special attention should be paid to correcting the phenomenon of "all mothers stay", early mating and wild mating in some areas, resulting in small litter size, weak piglets, poor viability, low survival rate and quality degradation, affecting the growth and development of young sows, postponing the arrival of high birth period and other adverse consequences.

3. Weaning early to increase the number of births per year, a lactating sow weighing 150 kg usually needs to consume about 5 kg of mixed feed per day. If weaning can be advanced to 21 days old, 200 kg of sow feed can be saved. A litter birth cycle can be reduced to about 135 days, and an additional 0.5 cents per litter can be produced. If you give birth to 10 babies per birth, you can give birth to 5 more babies and 6 more babies. The lactation period was shortened, and the sows had good fat condition and easy estrus mating, which not only increased the feed utilization rate, but also increased the litter size, so as to give better play to the potential of the sows in the high yield period.

Piglets weaned early should be induced by full-price grains of suckling pigs or forced by manual feeding at the age of 5 days. Seventy or eighty percent of the food is full before and after 20 days of age, which generally does not affect the growth, development and survival of piglets, but also reduces the occurrence of piglet diseases (sows infect piglets). Early weaning, as well as extending the service life of sows, excellent individuals give birth to 10 births, but also show production performance. The practice shows that the higher the litter size and the higher the lactation ability of the sows, the more obvious the weight loss of the sows after 35 days. If weaned at the age of 60 days, some sows are skinny and have a period of estrus for about 1 month. In case of high temperature season, lack of estrus often occurs, affecting the next cycle of production.

4. Prevent miscarriage and Baocheng infectious diseases can cause miscarriage of pregnant pigs. Especially reproductive disorders such as Japanese encephalitis, parvovirus pseudorabies and respiratory and reproductive disorders syndrome. It is necessary to be vaccinated on time. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the management of pregnant sows, forbid feeding moldy feed and drinking cold water, so as to prevent chasing, biting, whipping, frightening, ditching, crowding, slipping and falling, etc. If there are signs of abortion, you can immediately inject progesterone 15Mel 25mg to protect the fetus.

5. Scientific feeding sows have more requirements for feed nutrition in the high yield period. Should persist in feeding full-price formula feed, especially protein, minerals, calcium, phosphorus, vitamins, trace elements, etc., to balance the supply. Each kilogram of feed during pregnancy should contain about 11.5 megajoules of digestible energy, and about 13% of crude protein; and every kilogram of feed during lactation should contain 12.5 megajoules of digestive energy and 15% of crude protein, about 16%. We must persist in green fodder all the year round. Let sows exercise and bask in the sun every day to keep in good health all the year round.

The feed intake of high-yielding sows is closely related to the daily increment of weaned piglets, the weightlessness of sows during lactation, the length of diestrus period after weaning and the number of ovulation. According to the experiment, the daily gain of sows fed with 2.9kg mixture was 189.8 g, the weight loss during lactation was 27.4kg, the number of ovulation was 10.9, the daily gain of sows fed with 4.83kg of mixture was 192.8 g, the weight loss during lactation was 9kg, the number of ovulation was 7.8d, and the number of ovulation was 12.

In short, in order to make sows produce more babies, it is necessary to find ways to make good use of the high production period of sows to give full play to and improve their production performance, which is an important way to increase economic benefits.