Cutting propagation of tea tree

One of the methods of asexual reproduction of tea plant. A part of the vegetative organs of the tea plant was inserted into the nursery of the moist and loose red and yellow soil to form a new complete plant. The tea seedlings cultivated by cutting propagation showed similar heredity to the mother plant, and could maintain the characters and characteristics of the mother plant under the same environmental conditions.

Cutting types: can be summed up as: branch cutting, leaf cutting and root cutting.

① branch cutting method includes long ear, middle ear, short ear, hoop and old stem cutting and so on. Cuttings with a complete tea branch as cuttings are called long cuttings, while incomplete branches with four or five leaves as cuttings are called middle cuttings, and cuttings with less than three leaves are called short cuttings. Short spike cuttings. It is widely used in the main tea-producing countries in the world because of its economical use of wood and the highest reproduction coefficient. China uses more than one leaf insert.

② leaf insertion method: select a complete set of leaves, cut or break off from the branches, so that the leaves with part of the xylem and buds, and quickly insert the lower end of the leaves into the seedling auxiliary culture. The leaf insertion method is difficult to master and the survival rate is low.

③ root interpolation has a kind of root and root insertion and so on. Seed root: generally in the first ten days of March, the main and lateral roots cut or the tea roots dug out during seedling transfer are stout and grow into small segments around 5cm. Each hole is 4 or 5 segments, and the soil is covered with 3~5cm. Root insertion: the roots above 0.7cm in diameter, cut and grow 7~10cm segments directly into the nursery bed or in turn into the pre-dug ditch (slightly exposed to the ground in spring and autumn, and all inserted into the soil in summer and winter). It should be carried out on cloudy days.

Cuttings cutting: the process of cutting cuttings from cuttings is called cutting. When cutting cuttings, they are usually cut upward from the lower end of the branch. The common short spike of one leaf is cut with an axillary bud, a complete healthy leaf and a short stem, which is 3cm long; generally, a short spike is cut at an Internode, and the lower leaves and axillary buds are cut off. The cut should be the same as the leaf direction, preferably a bevel, with parallel incisions at the upper and lower ends. The cut at the lower end of the cuttings is inclined, which increases the contact surface and is easy to stick to the soil. If the axillary buds have grown into branchlets on the cuttings, the main branch will leave a leaf when cutting, and the branchlets will leave a real leaf at the base for cutting. The cut must be smooth. Remove the buds when cutting ears. It is best to cut along with cutting in the early morning and evening, or cutting in the daytime and cutting in the evening.

Cutting method: on the same day of cutting, on the leveled seedling bed, according to the length of the leaves of the tea variety, roll out the traces of the cutting spacing with a rowing device or a 7~10cm wide board; then water through the surface core soil, and start cutting when the soil is slightly dry. When cutting, use the thumb and index finger to clamp the axillary buds and petioles at the upper end of the cuttings, and cut the cuttings obliquely (oblique cuttings) or straight (parallel to cuttings) into the soil of the seedling bed along the distance marks. The short stem of the cuttings was inserted into the soil to expose petioles and tea buds to prevent the leaves from sticking to the soil and blocking the stomata, causing the leaves to rot and fall off. While inserting, use the index finger or middle finger to slightly compact the soil near the cuttings, so that the cuttings are close to the soil, which is conducive to absorbing water and fixing the cuttings on the seedbed, and the leaves should be arranged in the direction of the most wind in the season, so that the cuttings will not be shaken with the wind. The plant spacing is moderate if the leaves do not cover each other, and immediately after cutting, it should be fully watered.

Cuttage seedling raising with nutrition bowl is convenient for cultivating strong seedlings, improving transplanting survival rate, convenient for labor arrangement and planting into a garden quickly. The method uses materials such as straw or plastic to make straw mud nutrition bowl or plastic nutrition bowl. Before cutting, the middle and lower layer of the bowl was loaded with the prepared nutritious soil and compacted slightly, then filled with the red and yellow loam core soil of 3~4cm and leveled with the bowl noodles, and then the cuttings were planted in the bowl. The nutrition bowl for cutting seedlings should be placed near the source of water. Insert the ear bowl, then set up a shade shed on the bowl, cover the shade, or put the bowl in the shade of trees to prevent the sun from scorching and defoliation.

Before cutting, the cuttings without plant hormone treatment were soaked in a mixture of indole butyric acid of 50ppm and naphthalene acetic acid of 50ppm for 24 hours, and then removed and then cut out, which could promote the rooting of cuttings and improve the survival rate.

Cutting period: most tea areas in China are planted in summer from June to July. The temperature is higher in summer, the callus of cuttings forms quickly, and the survival rate is generally more than 80%. Autumn cuttings are mostly carried out from September to October, and the survival rate is high. Tea areas with warm winter climate can be planted in winter from November to January of the following year. Cutting can be carried out all day in spring, autumn and winter, and before 10:00 and after 3 p.m. In summer with high temperature and scorching sun.