Seedling raising technique of short-spike cuttage of tea plant in nutrient bag

The technology of tea plant nutrition bag cutting seedling is a process of adopting nutrition bag to directly cut short shoots and cultivate plants. The asexual propagation method can effectively maintain the characteristic characteristics of female parent tea plants, the offspring characters are consistent, and the method is beneficial to cultivating strong seedlings, transplanting does not damage roots, and effectively improves survival rate. However, the seedling technology requirements are high, the process is relatively complex, and it is easy to cause failure if it is not well mastered. Nursery should pay attention to the following technical points:

1. Build a shade shed

Shading shed has sun protection, wind protection and frost prevention functions. It is an important link for the success or failure of the nutrition bag seedling. Shade generally built into a flat-topped high shed, shed height 2~2.5 meters, with a number of bamboo or wooden stakes as the top column, top and around with 8 wire pulled into a network, and then with 40%~60% shade shade net cover, all around to cover tightly tight, leaving only a door, easy for personnel to enter and operate inside. The size of the shed depends on the size of the nursery.

II. Preparation of nutrient bags, nutrient soil and sterile soil

1. The preparation of the nutrition bag selects a plastic bag with a length of 10~15 cm and a width of 8~10 cm as a nutrition bag. 2~4 0.5 cm holes are drilled around it for ventilation and water permeability.

2. Nutrient soil preparation with red and yellow soil topsoil or mountain soil and fertilizer preparation. According to every 100 kilograms of soil, 30 kilograms of farm manure, 0.2 kilograms of ammonium sulfate, 0.3 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, or 100 kilograms of soil, 30 kilograms of farm manure, and 5 kilograms of compound fertilizer. Nutrient soil preparation, soil and fertilizer should be fully broken sieve, mix evenly.

3. Preparation of sterile soil Take uncontaminated red and yellow subsoil (also called new soil or raw soil) without contact with the outside world, break and sift. This kind of soil has less microorganisms, which is beneficial to cutting wound healing and rooting, and at the same time reduces weed growth.

III. Bagging and laying

1. When bagging, fill 2/3 of nutrient soil first, shake and compact, and then fill 1/3 of sterile soil and compact again.

2. Weeding and closing treatment were carried out on seedling auxiliary land with herbicide before soil laying. Then, the nutrient bags filled with soil are arranged in a concentrated manner, with a width of 1 to 1.2 meters and a length determined according to the plot. A distance of 30 - 40 cm between the two is used as a walkway. The four sides of the soil are surrounded and fixed by bamboo chips, and the soil is as high as the nutrition bag, and the gap between the bags is filled with soil, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the nutrition bag and protecting water from drought.

IV. Selection of branches and clipping of short ears

1. The selection of branches is free from pests and diseases, grows strongly, leaves are complete, axillary buds are full, and semi-lignified reddish brown branches are produced every other season. Too old or too young branches are not conducive to root.

2. Short ear cut ear length 3~4 cm, keep an internode, an axillary bud, a leaf, and cut off 1/3~1/2 of the leaf. The upper and lower cuttings should be inclined parallel to the leaf insertion direction, and the upper shears should be 3~4 mm away from the petiole. When cutting ear, if branch internode is too short, but bud, leaf is better, but two nodes cut an ear, cut the leaf below can.

V. Cutting technology

1. Cuttage time in most areas from March to November. According to the climatic conditions and farming arrangements in Lianghe County, the cutting time should be selected from August to November.

2. The treatment of short spikes The sheared short spikes were soaked in 30~80ppm NAA or 1∶1000 times rooting powder solution for 30 minutes. After treatment, the wound can heal earlier, root earlier and improve the survival rate.

3. Before cuttage, the soil in the nutrient bag should be watered with water, watered thoroughly, and watered at least twice, so that after the ear is inserted into the soil, it will not be injured and will not peel. When the soil pressure is not sticky, cutting is carried out. Cuttings with the thumb and forefinger grip the upper end of the short spike, gently inserted into the soil at a certain angle of inclination, with two fingers around the ear slightly compressed soil. Leaves and petioles should be exposed to the ground, leaves can not be close to the ground, so as not to touch the mud off the impact of survival. In order to ensure the survival rate, 1~2 ears can be inserted into each nutrient bag. After cuttage is good, irrigate water again, in order to ensure the stability of cuttage, the close combination of ear and soil.

VI. Build a small arch shed

After cutting, plastic small arch shed should be built for each soil to cover. The method is to use bamboo chips with width of 3~4 cm, thickness of 1 cm and length of 130~150 cm, insert two ends into two sides of the soil respectively to form an arch, insert one root every 1.5~2 meters, insert one root at the head and one root at the tail, then cover with plastic film, and compact the surroundings with soil to prevent air leakage. In this way, it can not only keep water, but also keep warm, and the average temperature can be kept between 25℃ and 28℃, which is conducive to speeding up the healing and root growth of cuttings, rapid growth and early nursery. Small arch shed also has sunshade net protection, but also can sunscreen, windproof, frost-proof, form double protection from top to bottom.

VII. Post-seedling management

Tea nutrition bag cutting seedlings can survive, and can grow strong, seedling management is very important, should grasp the following points:

1. If the soil moisture is not enough, it should be removed in time for watering or irrigation, and then covered again.

2. If the temperature in the observation arch shed is higher than 30℃, the film at both ends of the small arch shed should be removed in time to cool down to avoid burning seedlings.

3. Eliminate weeds in time and strengthen pest control.

4. After 3 months of reasonable fertilization cutting can be combined with weeding and pest control fertilization, or fertilization alone. Spray appropriate compound fertilizer solution with watering bucket, or apply appropriate urea with root treasure solution, spray once every half month or one month, and apply fertilizer for many times.