Identification of tea breeding materials

The characters of breeding materials were observed, the characteristics of various variation materials were analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages were selected according to the breeding objectives. finally, the methods of breeding new varieties were compared. The content of identification can be divided into three aspects: yield traits, quality traits and resistance. The yield characters of tea plants are mainly reflected in germination density, bud leaf weight, growth rate, growth period, regeneration ability after picking and recovery ability after disaster or trauma, etc.; quality traits are mainly reflected in the chemical composition, color, velvet and tenderness of bud leaves; resistance is mainly resistance to cold, drought and diseases and insect pests, including resilience.

Identification methods are generally divided into direct identification and indirect identification, local identification and remote identification. Direct identification is to use certain methods to directly determine the performance of breeding materials, such as tea quality, yield, etc.; indirect identification is through the determination of traits and characteristics, indirectly reflect another character and characteristics. In the early stage of tea breeding, the number of breeding materials is large, but the number of plants of each material is small, so the indirect identification method should be adopted. In the later stage of tea breeding, only a small number of excellent materials are selected, and the number of plants of each material is large. It is necessary to use the direct identification method.