Several conditions of Tea Plant cultivation
I. requirements for climate
1. Sunlight is the first condition for the survival of tea trees, neither too strong nor too weak, and they have a special hobby for ultraviolet rays, so good tea is produced in high mountains.
two。 The temperature is the air temperature and the ground temperature. The average daily temperature is 10 degrees Celsius. The lowest temperature should not be less than-10 degrees Celsius. 3. Sufficient water Rain Water is a necessary condition. But too much also has adverse effects on quality.
Second, the requirements for soil are generally that the thickness of the soil layer is more than 1 meter without limestone, the content of organic matter is more than 1% Murray and more than 2%, and the ventilation, water permeability or water storage performance is good. The PH value of pH 4.5 to 6.5 is suitable.
Third, the request for the terrain Chairman Mao put forward in 1958: "more tea gardens should be opened up on the hillside in the future." This is due to China's national conditions. The topographic conditions of tea garden mainly include elevation, slope and slope direction. with the increase of altitude, temperature and humidity change obviously. in mountain areas at a certain height, there are abundant rainfall, more clouds, high air humidity and strong diffuse light. this is beneficial to the growth of tea trees, but it is not the higher the better, above 1000 meters, there will be freezing damage. Generally choose the south slope is better. The slope should not be too large, generally requiring less than 30 degrees.
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Cultivation techniques of tea plant
Temperature is the basic condition for the life activity of tea trees. It not only affects the geographical distribution of tea, but also restricts the growth rate of tea. The effect of temperature on tea tree is mainly manifested in two aspects: air temperature and soil temperature. Air temperature mainly affects the growth of aboveground parts, while ground temperature mainly affects the growth of roots. But air temperature and ground temperature are interrelated. As far as temperature is concerned, tea trees from the tropics to temperate zones can adapt widely. But as far as growth is concerned, there are three basic points of temperature, that is, the threshold temperature for the growth of tea trees, suitable temperature and low temperature.
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Tea cultivation
Based on the characteristics and requirements of the growth and development of tea trees, excellent varieties and suitable land were selected for scientific planting and management, so as to obtain high-yield and high-quality commercial beverage tea. Under suitable climate and soil conditions, the technical scope of cultivation is mainly planting, post-planting management and harvest. It is suitable to select the improved varieties of tea which are suitable for the local climate, high yield, high quality and strong resistance. For reproduction, the seeds can be raised in the nursery and then transplanted, or the seeds can be directly broadcast in the tea garden. The method of vegetative cuttage propagation is often used.
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