Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests of Codonopsis pilosula

Codonopsis pilosula is commonly used in China, which is widely planted in the north of China, with the functions of tonifying qi and nourishing blood, invigorating spleen and stomach, promoting fluid and clearing lung and so on. The main treatment of shortness of breath, Jin wound thirst, spleen and stomach weakness, loss of appetite, clear stool, lung deficiency cough and asthma, fever after weakness, qi deficiency prolapse and other diseases, a wide range of uses. The prevention and control methods of diseases and insect pests are introduced as follows:

1. Root rot often occurs during the period of high temperature and humidity from May to June in summer. It mainly occurs in the plants of Codonopsis pilosula in the growing period of more than 2 years. In the early stage of the disease, the lateral root and whisker root near the ground turned dark brown. When there were many Rain Water and the disease was serious, the root system rotted and the plant withered, which seriously affected the yield. Control methods: ① timely drainage in high temperature and rainy season to prevent stagnant water in the field. ② found that the diseased plant should be removed and disinfected the acupoint with 5% lime emulsion to prevent spread. When the area of ③ is large, 50% carbendazim 500x solution can be used to irrigate the disease area. ④ combined with soil preparation, 70% pentachloronitrobenzene powder 1 kg per mu for soil disinfection. At the beginning of the onset of ⑤, 50% topiramate was sprayed 2000 times or drenched the root, once every 10 days for 2 consecutive times. ⑥ implements crop rotation with different families and genera, such as soybean, corn and so on.

Second, rust occurs from July to August every year, mainly harming leaves and stems. The back of the diseased leaf was raised with yellow spots, which broke and scattered orange-yellow powder in the later stage, which withered the leaves or fallen leaves in the early stage. When the disease is serious, the yield of ginseng root is reduced more. Control method: after ① withered in winter, the garden was cleared and the diseased and residual plants were burned. At the initial stage of the onset of ②, 50% dinitrate powder was sprayed with 200x solution or 97% dichlorodium sodium 400x solution, once every 7ml for 10 days, for 3 times in a row, or with 25% Fenning 1000Mel 1500x solution for prevention and treatment. ③ set up the support in time to change the ventilation condition and reduce the field temperature.

Third, aphids mostly occur in summer and are serious during drought. They mainly absorb the sap of tender buds and leaves to make them dry up and die. Prevention and control method: can be sprayed with 40% dimethoate EC 1500 Mel 2000 times.

Fourth, ground tigers, grubs and mole crickets often occur in the seedling stage, harming the stems and roots of seedlings, resulting in lack of seedlings and even reduced yield. Control method: ① uses 25 grams of chlordane EC mixed with 5 kilograms of fried wheat bran, add an appropriate amount of water to make poison bait and kill it in the field. ② irrigated around the rhizosphere with 50% zinc parathion EC 700Mel 1000 solution or 50% 1605 emulsion 1000 times. When ③ was damaged at seedling stage, 100 grams of 90% crystal trichlorfon and 5 kilograms of fried rapeseed cake were used to make poison bait.

Fifth, red spiders harm seedlings and adult leaves, sucking juice, causing plants to wilt and even dry up. Control method: can be sprayed with 1500 times solution of 50% fenitrothion.