Germination and sowing of Gastrodia elata

1. Germinating bacteria species

The germinating fungi of Gastrodia elata seeds reported so far belong to four species of fungi belonging to Tricholoma family and Mycete genus. Their names are: Osmunda japonica, Mycete orchids, Mycete dendrobium and Mycete orchids. In 1999, we isolated and cultured another kind of fungi germinating from the seeds of Gastrodia elata, which is Trametes leucosus of Polyporaceae. This fungus is superior to the above four fungi in production and application in higher temperature season.

2. Production Technology of Germinating Fungi

Isolation and culture of germinating mother species: It is easy to collect the fruiting bodies of Armillaria mellea in the cultivation sites and wild production areas of Gastrodia elata. However, it is difficult to collect the fruiting bodies of germinated fungi. At present, there are only two better methods for isolating germinating bacteria. One is to adopt fruiting bodies such as small mushroom of Osmunda japonica, small mushroom of Dendrobium dendrobium, large white Trametes, etc., and obtain strains by tissue or spore separation method of fruiting bodies. The spore isolation method of germinating fungi is identical to that of Armillaria mellea species. The other is to isolate the protocorms from the seeds of Gastrodia elata. However, the strains isolated from protocorms must be tested before they can be used in production. This is because the fungi that help the germination of Gastrodia elata seeds are not only known to be several species of a genus or a family, but many species of multiple genera and families. Moreover, the mycelia of some fungi had poor effect on promoting the germination of Gastrodia elata seeds. Therefore, it is recommended to purchase germinating mother strains or original strains from scientific research units or regular strain manufacturers for expanded production.

Cultivated seed formula: Most of the germinated fungi cultivated in production are prepared with deciduous leaves of broad-leaved trees. There are two production methods, one is to crush the leaves after preparation, and the other is to prepare with intact leaves. Whether it is broken leaves or whole leaves, they should be soaked in clean water for 3 to 4 hours, then removed and drained of floating water, and then sprinkled with bran 20%, gypsum 1%, sucrose 1%. After mixing evenly, it can be bottled or plastic bags, sterilized and inoculated. Also useful sawdust, cottonseed hulls germinating bacteria cultivation species preparation.

3. Co-sowing Technique of Germinating Fungi and Gastrodia elata Seeds

Before sowing, take out the cultivated germinating bacteria from the culture bottle or plastic bag and put it in the washbasin or plastic basin. Use 2 bottles of bacteria per square meter. If it is leaf strain, separate the stuck leaves for standby; if it is sawdust or cottonseed hull strain, knead the strain into small particles for standby.

Shake the seeds of Gastrodia elata from the fruit, sprinkle them gently on the leaves of the fungus, mix them at the same time, spread the seeds for many times, mix them evenly and then sprinkle them again, so as to avoid the seeds sticking to a few leaves and affecting the germination and inoculation effect. Seed sowing and seed dressing work should be divided into two people, one person for sowing seeds, one person for mixing seeds in fungus leaves. Gastrodia elata seeds broadcast, should be carried out indoors and leeward, to prevent wind loss of seeds. The best way to broadcast is to choose a glass bottle of moderate size, crush the fruits and seeds to be broadcast into the bottle, use a small needle to tie some small holes in the plastic with appropriate size and distance, and then tie the plastic hole sieve with rubber bands or clues at the bottle mouth, and then turn it upside down and slowly sift the gastrodia elata seeds into the germinated leaves three to four times.

After fully mixing gastrodia elata seeds and germinated fungus leaves evenly, they can be holed or box sown with pre-developed armillaria mellifera fungus materials or fungus branches.