How to prevent miscellaneous bacteria in the process of Pleurotus ostreatus
Recently, many mushroom farmers have called to consult, there has been a serious infection of miscellaneous bacteria in the process of sending bacteria in Pleurotus ostreatus bags, especially the majority of green mold and bisporase, how to prevent and cure it? In view of this problem, combined with the investigation and research in recent years, the reasons and prevention methods of the following aspects are summarized:
1. The culture material is contaminated by moisture
The fresh, dry and well-managed culture materials contain relatively less diseases and are suitable for raw meal cultivation, but the storage life is longer, and the culture materials caked by moisture will contain more diseases. If they are not sterilized, they are directly used in raw meal cultivation. It is very easy to cause miscellaneous bacteria pollution. If the culture material has the phenomenon of caking and damp, fermentation treatment or clinker cultivation should be done, and special fungicides such as carbendazim and germicidal fungicides should be mixed in the culture materials during raw material cultivation and fermentation cultivation, and the amount of quicklime can be 3% and 6%.
two。 Cultivated species with miscellaneous bacteria
Pleurotus ostreatus strains should be used immediately, otherwise a large number of mushrooms will be produced in seed bags due to long age or low temperature. The above two kinds of bacteria should belong to aging bacteria, and the mycelium germinates slowly when these aging strains are used. the ability of mycelium anti-pollution is low, and the contamination rate of miscellaneous bacteria will certainly be higher than that of young bacteria. Therefore, when purchasing cultivated seeds, mushroom farmers must book and buy appropriate-age bacteria from the regular strain farm, so as to avoid losses.
3. The quality of strain is poor
Some mushroom farmers only want the price to be cheap, regardless of the quality of the strain, and buy the strain of poor quality. The mycelium of this strain is sparse after germination, the color is gray, and the culture material is not easy to connect after the mycelium has grown well. the decomposition ability of this strain is poor, and its anti-impurity ability is very weak, so it is also easy to be contaminated by miscellaneous bacteria after inoculation.
4. Improper management of bacteria
The suitable temperature of Pleurotus ostreatus mycelium is between 20 and 32 ℃, and the mycelium will stop growing when the temperature is higher than 35 ℃. At this time, attention should be paid to timely stacking and strict prevention of burning. If the temperature is higher than 40 ℃, the mycelium will die quickly, and a large number of miscellaneous bacteria such as umbrellas will occur.
However, the lower the temperature, the better, it must be moderate. If the temperature is lower than 15 ℃, the mycelium growth of Pleurotus ostreatus is very slow, while the occurrence of miscellaneous bacteria such as green mold is high, so try to adjust the temperature of the bag within the suitable range.
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Temperature Management of Pleurotus ostreatus during its sporulation period
The mycelium of Pleurotus ostreatus grows sturdily and has a high success rate, especially in the process of clinker cultivation, the mycelium is less likely to be infected by miscellaneous bacteria than other varieties. However, in the process of uncooked material cultivation, the requirement of temperature in the stage of mycelial growth is very strict. Therefore, correctly mastering the appropriate temperature is the key to ensure the success of Pleurotus ostreatus uncooked cultivation. The mycelium of Pleurotus ostreatus has strong growth and strong resistance to miscellaneous bacteria under the condition of 20 ℃ ~ 30 ℃. Even if occasionally contaminated by miscellaneous bacteria, the hyphae of Pleurotus ostreatus can penetrate and eat it.
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Requirements for Environmental conditions of Pleurotus ostreatus
The main factors affecting the growth and development of Pleurotus ostreatus are nutrition, temperature, moisture, air, light, pH and so on. In artificial cultivation, the whole process must meet the living conditions of each growth and development stage in time in order to obtain high yield and high quality Pleurotus ostreatus. 1. Nutrient carbon source is an important nutrient source of Pleurotus ostreatus. It is not only the raw material for the synthesis of carbohydrates and amino acids, but also an important energy source. The nutrients needed for wild Pleurotus ostreatus are mainly obtained from decomposing dead wood and withered grass, and cultivated artificially with rice straw, wheat straw, corncob, bagasse and cottonseed.
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