"back improvement" in high-yield cultivation of lily

Lily yield is unstable, some hills have "disaster" and die early, almost no yield. To achieve high yield in planting lily, we should focus on "four reforms".

1. The inferior seed stems were changed to the superior ones. Lily should be selected and other excellent varieties such as dragon tooth lily for seed. The typical characteristics of Dragon Tooth Lily are: scale ball close together, lower part of the scale hypertrophy, upper sharp curve, shaped like dragon melon, color such as ivory. The leaves attached to the stem are large and sparse, without bulbils or bulbs. Lily needs to buy seeds from other places, which is an important measure of rejuvenation. However, attention should be paid to purchasing seeds from mountainous areas with higher altitudes and cooler climates. For example, if the seeds are purchased from the hilly areas at low altitude, due to the high temperature in the growing season of lily, the stems generally carry more viruses, and the virus disease occurs seriously after sowing, the leaves curl or appear mosaic, the dead seedlings are early, the yield is low, and the quality is poor. The selection of seed-stem with little or no poison is the key link of lily high-yield cultivation. At the same time pay attention to the selection of stout hypertrophy, no pests, no "through the bottom" phenomenon of the stem. The seed ball propagated by scales or the seed ball directly from the mother ball is used as seed.

2. Sowing too early is sowing at the right time. In recent years, some hills sown lily in July, which is prone to drought and often causes rotten seeds. The high temperature in July and early August is not conducive to the release of dormancy period of lily seeds. After sowing, roots often do not grow, and oxidation browning and rotten seeds are easy to occur; soil drought makes seed stem scales lose water and dry. Lily to late August to early September sowing is appropriate, in this range, the low temperature of the appropriate early sowing, and vice versa appropriate late sowing. Lily seed stems dug back or bought back too early can be stored indoors in a cool place with sand stratification method, when sowing, to prevent premature sowing. In case of drought after sowing, it can be covered with straw and other crop straws immediately while the soil is wet, generally reducing the temperature by 2~3℃, reducing soil moisture evaporation, and also playing a role in heat preservation in winter. The mulching thickness is 7~10cm. If the soil is dry after sowing, furrow irrigation shall be adopted to keep the soil moist.

3. Change wide ridge cultivation to narrow ridge cultivation. Farmers reflect that lily is the most difficult to "wait on", because lily in addition to virus disease, leaf blight, blight, root rot and other diseases are also prone to serious, serious occurrence after prevention, headache. Chemical control alone is not ideal, agricultural control is the key. The occurrence of these diseases has a lot to do with humidity. April to June is rainy period, most of the mound drainage is not smooth, soil moisture and humidity between plants are relatively large, so the occurrence is more serious. The practice proved that changing wide bed cultivation to narrow bed cultivation and continuous cropping as rotation were the key measures to control the fungal diseases mentioned above. Generally, according to the width of about 1.5m, divide the ridge, open the ditch and the main ditch. The width of the furrow is 25cm and the depth is more than 20cm; the width of the surrounding furrow is 30cm and the depth is more than 25cm; the width of the main furrow is 40cm and the depth is more than 30cm, so that there is no ponding in the furrow after rain.

4. Improve disease control methods. Some mounds are treated when the disease occurs, often too late. Disease is more important than prevention, prevention should be the main, prevention and control simultaneously. In addition to the above methods, it is necessary to control the application of nitrogen fertilizer, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and apply drugs at the initial stage of disease occurrence. For virus diseases, aphids must be controlled well, and 3~4 times of bacterial toxin or virus A should be applied at the early stage of disease; for blight, leaf blight and epidemic disease, 1∶2∶200 times of Bordeaux mixture should be selected before disease onset, and once every 7~10 days.