Brucellosis of bronchial septicemia in rabbits

[pathogen] Bordetella bronchial septicemia is an oval to rod-shaped pleomorphic microbacilli, gram-negative, often showing two-stage staining.

[epidemic characteristics] the disease often occurs in the spring and autumn when the climate is changeable, and it is mainly infected through the respiratory tract. Bacteria are often parasitic in the respiratory tract of rabbits, so the resistance of the body is reduced due to sudden climate change, colds, parasitic diseases and other factors, such as dust, strong irritant gas stimulation, so that the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract is fragile, are easy to cause disease. Rhinitis type is often endemic, while bronchitis type is mostly sporadic. Adult rabbits are often chronic, while young rabbits and young rabbits are mostly acute. The disease can also be associated with pasteurellosis or listeriosis.

[symptoms] rhinitis type: more frequent, serous or mucous nasal juice, the course of disease is as short as, more can recover. Bronchopneumonia type: rare, mucous or purulent nasal juice, rhinitis does not heal for a long time, faster breathing, loss of appetite, gradual weight loss, the course of disease for several weeks to several months, some die.

[pathological changes] rhinitis type: nasal mucosa flushing, with serous or mucous secretory substances. Bronchopneumonia type: bronchial mucosa congestion, bleeding, mucous or purulent secretion in the lumen. The lungs have abscesses of varying sizes and numbers, as small as millet grains and as big as table tennis balls. Sometimes there is an abscess in the thoracic serosa and liver, kidney, testis and so on. In addition, suppurative pleurisy and pericarditis can be seen.

[differential diagnosis] the main symptoms and lesions of this disease are runny nose and lung abscess, so it should be distinguished from the following diseases.

Pasteurellosis: see differential diagnosis of rabbit pasteurellosis.

Staphylococcosis: lung abscess is rare, the primary site of the abscess is often in the skin and muscle.

Corynebacterium disease: there are small suppurative foci in the lungs, kidneys and subcutaneous. the pathogens are Corynebacterium murine and Corynebacterium pyogenes, Gram-positive, and one end is thicker.

[prevention]

(1) adhere to self-breeding and self-breeding. If rabbits are introduced, they should be isolated and observed for one month.

(2) strengthen feeding management and do a good job in daily veterinary health and epidemic prevention.

(3) suspicious rabbits with symptoms of rhinitis should be detected in time and treated or eliminated.

(4) the following antibiotics or sulfonamides can be used for treatment: kanamycin, 10mg / kg body weight, twice a day, intramuscular injection; gentamicin, 10,000-20,000 units, twice a day, intramuscular injection; chloramphenicol, 10mg / kg body weight, twice a day, intramuscular injection Streptomycin, 5000-10 000 units per kg body weight, twice a day for 3-4 days, sulfadiazine, 0.05-0.2 grams per kg body weight, twice a day, intramuscular injection, and phthalothiazoles, 0.2 million grams per kg body weight, 3 grams, twice a day, for 5 days, oral. The curative effect of lung abscess cases is generally poor, so it should be eliminated in time.