Introduction of pear varieties suitable for processing
BA pear is a world-famous variety for both raw food and canning. In addition to Ba pear, there are Guifei pear, Jinxiang pear and dwarf fragrant pear.
(1) Guifei pear: native to the United States, it is a natural seedling of pear. There is a small amount of cultivation in Liaoning Province. The outstanding advantages of this variety are extremely high yield, disease resistance, insect resistance, heat resistance and wide adaptability. Fresh food is of poor quality and is mainly used for canning and cooking in the United States. The fruit is medium-large, weighing about 150-200 grams, short spindle-shaped. Fruiting pedicel thick and straight, 3-7 cm long, base often inflated into fleshy. The sepals are small, shallower, the pericarp is green and yellow, the flesh is light yellow, the heart of the fruit is large, there are more stone cells near the core, the flesh is semi-soft after ripening, the population is insoluble, there is much juice, the taste is sour and sweet, the quality of raw food is medium, and the fruit can be stored until the end of December.
(2) Jinxiang pear: bred by China Fruit Tree Research Institute, the parent is Nanguo pear × Ba pear. The outstanding advantage is that, in addition to raw food, it is specially suitable for canning, and its canned products are no less than Bali, but its size is smaller than that of Bali. The tree has moderate potential, strong branching ability, mainly medium and short fruit branches, high yield, and matured in Xingcheng in mid-late September. The fruit is medium-large, with an average weight of 140 grams, irregular shape, yellowish green pericarp, redness on the sunny side, green-yellow gradually after storage, yellowish white flesh, soft and juicy flesh after ripening, sweet and sour, strong taste, soluble solids up to 15%, high quality, etc., the fruit can be stored 7 to 10.
(3) dwarf fragrant pear: it was selected from the seedlings of Chetou pear by China Fruit Tree Research Institute in 1957. The fruit is small, with an average weight of 70 grams, nearly round and yellowish green. The sunny side has a dark blush and the fruit surface is smooth. Fruiting pedicel short and thick, sepals persistent. The flesh is slightly thick and crisp when harvested, and it is ripe after about 7 days; the meat becomes soft, the juice increases, the sweet taste is strong, and contains 12-15% soluble solids, high quality. It is very suitable for making plans. The tree crown is open, drought-resistant, barren-resistant, cold-resistant, but not resistant to ring disease, so it is suitable for close planting in freeze-dry areas of northeast and northwest.
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Pest control methods of pear aphid
This insect, referred to as pear aphid, is the main pest of pear tree, which is distributed in all pear areas. After the damage of pear trees, a large number of leaves curled, resulting in early defoliation, tree potential decline, fruit development was blocked, seriously affecting the yield and quality. [occurrence regularity] it occurs for more than 10 generations a year. The overwintering eggs usually hatch in March and late March when the pear buds expand and burst. The young aphids continue to give birth to new young aphids after growing, and the winged aphids begin to produce in late April. In May, a large number of winged aphids form and migrate to weeds to breed. The winged aphid moved back to the pear tree in October
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Experiment on delayed cultivation techniques of red snow peach in plastic greenhouse
Red snow peach is a very late-maturing peach variety, in our county open field cultivation by late autumn rainfall and frost, fruit is not easy to mature. Therefore, since 2001, we have carried out the experiment of delayed cultivation in plastic shed by adopting the technical measures of promoting before and controlling later, delaying flowering, bagging to prevent rain and closing shed to adjust temperature, prevent frost and protect leaves. The results showed that the fruit ripening could be delayed about 20 days after planting in the second year, and the fruit ripening rate and high quality fruit rate were obviously improved.
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