An excellent New Variety-- Mingzhu Pear
After several years of trial planting, this variety was introduced into Donggang, and its growth and fruiting habits and stress resistance were adapted to Donggang area. The fruit is moderate, bright in appearance, excellent in quality and high in yield.
First, botanical characteristics. The annual branch is gray-white, slightly gray-white tomentose on the top, the branch is slightly curved, the lenticels are less, the trunk and perennial branches are grayish reddish brown, the epidermis is smooth, and the leaves are oblong and thick.
Second, growth and fruiting habits. The tree has the advantages of erect posture, strong growth potential, high germination rate, strong branching ability, more axillary flower buds, faster flower formation, high seed setting rate of self-flower and high yield. Generally, the yield of 4-year-old plants can reach more than 10 kg after planting, and the fruit of medium-long fruit branches is dominant in the early stage. Axillary flower buds have strong fruiting ability.
Third, fruit economic characters. The fruit is gourd-shaped, the top of the fruit is slightly convex, the bottom color of the pericarp is yellow, the sun is flushed, the face of the fruit is bright, the pericarp is thin, the pulp is white, crisp, delicate and juicy, the taste is sour and sweet, and the flesh becomes soft and fragrant after ripening about 10 days after harvest. The average single fruit weight is 200g, the maximum fruit weight is 420g, the fruit matures at the end of September, the fruit development period is about 150 days, and the harvest time can be delayed to the first and middle of October. It can be stored for up to 30 days at room temperature and until March of the following year under the condition of 0Mel 3 ℃.
Fourth, strong resistance. This variety has strong cold resistance and disease resistance, especially the high resistance to pear scab, even without medication, the phenomenon of early defoliation will not occur.
Key points of cultivation techniques:
1. The choice of garden. Lax requirements on the soil, do not plant in low-lying, sticky, poorly drained land. It is best to choose sandy loam with good air permeability and its fruit shows excellent coloring.
2. Planting density. According to the soil and management level of the garden, the plant row spacing should be 3 × 3 m or 2 × 4 m.
3. Shaping and pruning. The tree shape is mainly in the shape of spindles, and the pruning principle is to trim gently and slowly in the early stage and leave more branches, and carry on the opening angle of drawing branches. After the full fruit period, we should pay attention to the branch group renewal and rejuvenation, and pay attention to the tree structure adjustment, pay attention to summer pruning, so that the tree body is well ventilated and transparent.
4. Soil and fertilizer management. Organic fertilizer is mainly applied in autumn, and 2550kg is applied to 2-4-year-old plants. Before sprouting, compound fertilizer or special fertilizer for fruit trees was applied for a long time and during the period of flower bud differentiation. During the fruit expansion period, phosphate and potassium fertilizer was increased, 0.3% urea was sprayed on the leaves three times in July, and 0.3% 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate was sprayed twice in August. Irrigation should grasp three periods: sprouting period, long-term shoot speed, after defoliation and before freezing.
5. Thinning flowers and fruits. Because this variety is very easy to form flowers and has a high rate of self-flowering and fruiting, it is necessary to do a good job in thinning flowers and fruits so that the tree has a reasonable load.
6. Pest control.
1) spray winter and spring treasure before sprouting, 300,400 times.
2) to control scab, pear planthopper, red spider, aphids, leaf rollers and caterpillars before and after anthesis, Fuxing 8000000 times, carbendazim 1000 times, 20% butyrate EC 5000 times, 28% white red mites kill 20003000 times, 5% cyhalothrin 1000 times, Deke 20003000 times.
3) from mid-late May to late July, we will focus on the control of pear heart borer, peach heart borer, scab, ring anthracnose, 20% peach small leaf roll net 20003000 times, 25% kung fu EC 3000 times, Dasheng M45800 1000 times, 80% spray 800 times, 70% methyl topiramate 1000 times and so on.
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Performance and cultivation points of High grafting introduction of Hongnanguo Pear
Hongnanguo pear is a bud mutation of Nanguo pear which was identified in Shenyang Agricultural University in 1996. In 2003, 5000 seed strips were introduced from Fushun specialty science research institute in Luanxian county for high grafting trial planting. It performed well in Luanxian County, yielding 300kg per 667m2 in the second year with an income of 4200 yuan, 800kg per 667m2 in 2005 with an income of 8000 yuan, and reaching 1500kg in 2006 with an income of 12000 yuan, with remarkable economic benefits. The main results are as follows: 1 the basic situation of the high connection experimental park is located in Luanxian County, Hebei Province.
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When is the right time to harvest jujube fruit
The ripening period of jujube fruit can be divided into three stages: White ripening stage, fragile ripening stage and full ripening stage. The harvest time of jujube fruit depends on the use of jujube fruit. The main results are as follows: (1) in the white ripening stage, the pericarp green fades, showing green-white or milky white. The fruit has soft flesh, less fruit juice and low sugar content. When used for processing jujube, it should be harvested in the white ripe period. (2) during the brittle ripening stage, from the stem depression, the fruit shoulder turned red to the full red fruit, the texture became crisp, the juice increased and the sugar content increased sharply. Jujube used for fresh food and processing should be harvested during this period. (3) pericarp of mature stage
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