Application of em bacteria in High quality Rice production

In recent years, China's grain output has been greatly improved, but it is also faced with the contradiction of serious environmental pollution and low quality of agricultural products. Long-term unreasonable application of chemical fertilizer has become one of the important factors wasting resources, polluting the environment, increasing production costs and affecting the quality of agricultural products. With the improvement of human awareness of environmental protection and health, the demand for pollution-free food is also increasing. Therefore, in agricultural production, it is imperative to open up new bio-organic fertilizers to reduce or even eliminate the use of chemical fertilizers and to produce high-yield, high-quality and efficient agricultural products.

EM is the abbreviation of EffectireMicroorganisms (effective microbiota). It was originally invented by Bika Zhaofu, a professor at the University of Ryukyu in Japan. It is mainly composed of lactic acid bacteria, yeast bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes and other beneficial microorganisms.

First, the mechanism of action

The photosynthetic bacteria in strong and strong EM active solution can use solar heat energy not only in leaves, but also in soil and water to synthesize antioxidants, amino acids, sugars and various physiologically active substances to promote plant growth, but also make other beneficial microorganisms in soil active and enhance the vitality of plant roots. Improve the ability to absorb nutrients. Microorganisms in strong and strong EM active solution can improve soil environment, inhibit harmful microorganisms, enrich beneficial microorganisms, dissolve phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen fixation, and improve soil water retention and air permeability. Strong and strong EM active liquid bacteria secrete and synthesize substances such as various organic acids, amino acids, enzymes, active hormones, antioxidant enzymes, etc., which can directly promote plant growth, decompose residual pesticides, make soil reduce to antioxidant state, and give full play to the growth ability of crops in benign state.

II. Usage

High strength EM active solution can be used in many ways in rice production, such as seed soaking, seed dressing, foliar spraying and fermentation compost.

1. Use in the budding stage. Wash the soaked rice seeds out and make a heap. When the temperature in the heap rises to 20: 25 ℃, turn frequently, and spray the strong and strong EM active liquid with the same temperature as the seed to prevent dryness. The concentration is 300 to 500 times. Its function is to make buds strong, increase yield, improve quality and promote precocious maturity.

two。 Use in nursery stage. When the seedling grows to 2-3 leaves, the strong and strong EM active liquid can be added when watering the seedling bed, which can not only prevent disease, but also strengthen the seedling. The concentration is 500 to 1000 times. Spraying EM active liquid two days before transplanting seedlings, there is no need to slow down seedlings after transplanting.

3. The leaves were sprayed with 500x EM active solution diluent at tillering stage, booting stage and heading stage, respectively, or 1000 times EM active solution diluent was sprayed once a week according to the growth trend.

4. Fermented compost was made with EM active liquid. Apply it to the paddy field as a base fertilizer to improve the soil and improve the soil fertility (EM active solution dilution can also be used to spray soil). Production method: take raw materials on the spot, such as grain bran, weeds, human and animal feces, crop straw (chopped), stems and leaves, sawdust, it is best to add some wine trough residue, edible fungus matrix residue and cake to stir. According to the proportion of 500: 1000 ∶ EM solution 1 ∶ EM advanced medium 1 ∶ water 30% 45% (depending on the dry and wet increase or decrease of the material), the EM advanced medium was poured into the water, then the EM solution was added, then mixed well with the raw materials, stacked and compacted, sealed with plastic film or canvas, anaerobic fermentation, after 10 days in summer and 15 days in winter, the wine koji flavor or white and red mycelium appeared, indicating that the fermentation was successful. You can also dig a big pit on the ground, spray the bottom and walls of the pit with 500x EM active liquid diluent, then spray the 500x EM active liquid diluent for each layer (20cm thick) until the pit is filled, then cover it with soil and step on it. After two weeks of fermentation, it can be used with wine koji flavor or white or red mycelium. If the fermentation temperature is more than 50 ℃, it should be turned and then sealed after cooling so as not to destroy the effective substances. The closed fermentation compost can be preserved for 3 months.

5. Weeding with EM active solution. After autumn harvest, 200 kg EM active liquid per mu was applied to ferment and compost, and EM active liquid was used to promote growth, so that grass seeds broke the dormancy routine, sprouted early in off-season, and could not overwinter and die. In the following spring, 500x EM active solution diluent was sprayed once to speed up the germination of residual single seeds, and then weeds were killed or removed by spring ploughing and weeding in dry land. In this way, all weeds can be removed for two or three consecutive years.

Matters needing attention

1. Before the critical period of crop growth, the best yield increase effect can be obtained by using strong and strong EM active liquid and organic fertilizer.

two。 The effect of strong and strong high-strength EM active solution is the best after rain and evening.

3. Strong and strong EM active liquid can not be used with fungicides at the same time.