Cultivation Method of Gastrodia elata by Substitution at Low Altitude (II)

After 18 ℃ ~ 22 ℃ culture, the fungal cord of Armillaria mellea from 2 to 3 months was full of corncob, which could be used for Gastrodia elata cultivation. If the material of Armillaria mellea is not enough, the expanded cultivation of Armillaria mellea can be carried out. In this method, the corncob cultivated by Armillaria mellea is added to the uncultivated corncob, the proportion is 50% each, and the operation method is the same as above, and finally cover the soil development bacteria. This method is simple and easy, and does not need the original seed. This method can be recycled for a long time as long as it is not affected by the high temperature of environmental conditions and diseases and insect pests.

5. Cultivation methods of Gastrodia elata

Low altitude cultivation of Gastrodia elata can choose indoor or outdoor, the cultivation method is basically the same, first put a layer of loose soil with 10cm thick and 1 meter wide on the ground, put corncob fungus material on the soil, lay it on the soil, require that each layer of corncob be separated by 10~12cm, and then put a small Gastrodia elata on the left and right side of each corncob, the distance between small Gastrodia elata should be 10cm, not too thin or too dense. Immediately after sowing Gastrodia elata, cover the soil 10cm thick, then sow the second layer according to the same method, finally cover the 15cm thick soil, then compact the soil surface and all around, with 1 meter wide as a box, leaving sidewalks in the middle, unlimited length, can be determined according to the place, the height after planting is generally between 30~35cm, around the box can be brickwork retaining soil, can also be exposed, in short, can not be too wide, one is easy to manage Second, it is beneficial to the growth and ventilation of Gastrodia elata.

In addition to cultivating Armillaria mellea in advance to cultivate Gastrodia elata, corncob plus Armillaria mellea or cultivated corncob fungus can be planted with Gastrodia elata at the same time, but Gastrodia elata must be close to the fungus material, and the new material must be used as a bridge to connect the fungus materials. it is also the reserve force for the growth of Armillaria mellea and Gastrodia elata. This method can provide guarantee for the lack of nutrition supply in the later stage of Gastrodia elata.

VI. Management technology

The management of low altitude substitute cultivation of Gastrodia elata is mainly temperature and humidity management. After Gastrodia elata cultivation, the suitable temperature in the growth stage is between 15 ℃ and 25 ℃, and the most suitable temperature is between 18 ℃ and 22 ℃. If it is higher than 28 ℃ and stops growing, it will die over 30 ℃, especially in the summer day when the air temperature is as high as 30 ℃, and under the condition of high humidity, Gastrodia elata will rot, and many rotten Gastrodia elata will be found when picking. Therefore, one is to avoid sun exposure, and the other is to take measures to cool down as far as possible, preferably between 18 ℃ and 22 ℃. Humidity is also very important for the growth of Gastrodia elata. Generally, the suitable soil water content is between 50% and 60%. Too dry and too wet are not conducive to growth. Excessive soil moisture affects the permeability and decay of Gastrodia elata, which is required to maintain the kind of soil moisture at the time of sowing. In the process of management, if you find that the topsoil is dry and white, you can pour a small amount of water, as long as you keep the topsoil with a certain degree of moisture, and do not pour too much water into the center of the soil.

Light management is not very important, although Gastrodia elata is a plant, but it can not carry out photosynthesis, as long as it is not all dark conditions can grow, but strong direct sunlight or exposure to the temperature is too high, not conducive to growth. Therefore, the artificial shade shed or under the forest must be adopted to avoid the light and cool environment.

Ventilation problem: Gastrodia elata growth needs a certain amount of air, whether indoors or outdoors, under any conditions, can not be closely covered with plastic film, cultivation and fungus area can not be connected into a large area, must be 1 meter wide to leave a gap or sidewalk, to facilitate ventilation.

VII. Harvesting and processing technology

Gastrodia elata is cultivated once a year, and the growth cycle is one year. The harvest time of Gastrodia elata is the sowing time. In Sichuan area, it is generally harvested from November to December every year. Large Gastrodia elata is selected as commercial Gastrodia elata for processing, and small Gastrodia elata can be used for cultivation.

The harvesting method of Gastrodia elata is as follows: planing the topsoil, taking out Gastrodia elata, and classifying it according to its size. Generally can be divided into two categories: commercial hemp and seed hemp. Commercial hemp is divided into upper, middle and lower grades according to large, medium and small, and seed hemp is divided into white-headed hemp and rice hemp according to size.

Gastrodia elata is generally picked and dug, sowed and processed at the same time. Sowing in time is beneficial to the survival rate and yield of Gastrodia elata next year, and immediate processing is beneficial to improve the quality and color of Gastrodia elata.

There are many processing methods of Gastrodia elata. A simple and easy method is introduced. The fresh Gastrodia elata is immediately washed with water, and then steamed or boiled in a steamer in time. The cooking time is generally about 30 minutes. It is appropriate to take the middle heart of Gastrodia elata to be thoroughly cooked or overcooked. It should be baked immediately after cooking. In the process of baking and drying, when Gastrodia elata is semi-dry and semi-wet, in order to prevent mildew, insects and whitening. Can be fumigated with sulfur, and then baked to dry, moistureproof preservation.