What are the requirements for water?
Q: what are the moisture requirements of Gastrodia elata? How to carry out proper water management?
A: as a plant, the main component of Gastrodia elata is water, which accounts for about 80% of the weight of fresh Gastrodia elata, which is the foundation. However, because Gastrodia elata has no roots and cannot absorb water from the soil, it can only rely on Armillaria mellea to supply the necessary water. This is the main feature of Gastrodia elata. The growth of Armillaria mellea also needs corresponding water supply, and, determined by the symbiotic relationship between the two, they must live together in the same environmental conditions, therefore, the appropriate water content of sandy soil has become an indispensable important condition. Under general natural conditions, through shading, watering and other management measures, the moisture content of sand cover is kept at about 10%, and the humidity reaches 70% to 80%, which can meet the growth needs of Gastrodia elata and Armillaria mellea. The specific water management operation is to determine the specific water consumption according to the temperature, wind force or degree of dryness. For example, under the climatic conditions in Shandong, it is not necessary to carry out heavy irrigation before April because of small evaporation, slow growth rate of Armillaria mellea and Gastrodia elata, and small water demand. However, if in May, with the advent of hot and dry wind, the increase of temperature will increase the amount of evaporation, then water management should be strengthened. After July, when the ground temperature reaches more than 28 ℃, Gastrodia elata is about to enter the state of summer dormancy. If there is a flood, on the one hand, appropriate moisture can effectively lower the temperature, so that Gastrodia elata can continue to maintain its growth trend, on the other hand, if the moisture is too large, it is just to meet the characteristics of Armillaria mellea liking flood, it is easy to cause "nutritional reflux", resulting in "bacteria sucking hemp", resulting in "rotten nest" phenomenon. In short, according to the specific temperature and Gastrodia elata growth law, the implementation of specific water management, do not follow others, copy.
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What are the temperature requirements of Gastrodia elata?
Temperature is an important factor affecting the growth and development of Gastrodia elata, and temperature is not only affected by season, but also affected by latitude and altitude. Generally speaking, the latitude increases by 10 °, the average temperature decreases by 0.5 ℃, the altitude increases by 1000 meters, and the climate decreases by about 6.5 ℃. Therefore, most of the wild Gastrodia elata grows in mountainous areas and has the ecophysical properties of cool and moist. In the process of artificial cultivation, we found that the terminal buds of Gastrodia elata began to sprout and grow when the temperature of the planting layer rose above 10 ℃, and grew rapidly when the temperature rose above 20 ℃.
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How to manage Tianma in winter and spring
After entering November, due to the gradual drop in temperature, the new gastrodia elata stops growing, individual stereotypes, straight into the dormancy period, so we should prevent low temperature freezing injury. Especially arrow hemp is easy to freeze during winter, it is best to use arrow hemp as medicine when collecting gastrodia elata in winter, sow rice hemp and white hemp in time or store spring seeds. If it is not harvested in winter, cold protection measures must be taken before freezing, covered with leaves, etc. to keep warm and freeze, and removed in the spring of next year to facilitate growth. The temperature should be kept at 1-5℃, and the humidity should be kept at 30%.
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